Portsmouth (English spelling)

Japanese: ポーツマス(英語表記)Portsmouth
Portsmouth (English spelling)
A city in southern England, United Kingdom. A unitary authority. In 1997, it was separated from Hampshire County to become a unitary authority. It is a port city on the English Channel coast, about 100 km southwest of London, facing the Solent Channel, which separates the Isle of Wight from the British mainland. The city center is on Portsea Island, which is sandwiched between Portsmouth Harbor to the west and Langston Harbor to the east, which open into the Solent Channel, but the city limits extend to the mainland to the north across the narrow waterway that separates the island from the mainland. In 1194, King Richard I, who noticed the strategic importance of the island, founded the town here and granted it a royal charter. It later became a naval base, and in 1496 a naval dockyard was opened, and it rapidly developed as a military port. It was heavily damaged by air raids during World War II, but was rebuilt after the war and became one of Britain's major military ports. Naval facilities, including the dockyard, are on the west coast of the island, facing the urn-shaped Portsmouth Harbor. The area around Southsea on the south bank facing the Solent is known as a seaside resort, with promenades, wide grassy areas, parks, and sports facilities along the coast. In one corner of the dock, the Victory, Admiral Horatio Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar, is preserved, and nearby is the Victory Museum, which houses Nelson's personal belongings, attracting many tourists. In addition to being a naval port, there is a commercial port, a ferry port connecting with continental Europe, and the aircraft industry and various light industries are also located there. It is the birthplace of Charles John Huffham Dickens and George Meredith. Area 40 km2 . Population 189,600 (2005 estimate).

Portsmouth
Portsmouth

A port city in the southeastern part of New Hampshire, USA. Settled in 1623, it is the oldest settlement in the state. The state's oldest newspaper, the New Hampshire Gazette, was published in 1756. In the 18th century, shipbuilding became the city's main industry, and in the 1790s it flourished as a naval port, mainly for the construction and repair of warships. The naval port is located on Seabee Island, but the city is commonly known as Portsmouth Harbor. The Treaty of Portsmouth was signed here at the end of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905. In addition to naval-related industries, machinery, shoemaking, papermaking and other industries are thriving. It is also famous as a fishing port, being close to the fishing grounds off the coast of Newfoundland. Population 25,925 (1990).

Portsmouth
Portsmouth

A port city in southeastern Virginia, USA. It faces Hampton Roads Harbor, across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. Settlement began in 1752. A shipyard was built in 1767, and the Norfolk Naval Base in 1801. During the Civil War, the Confederate ironclad ship "Virginia" was built there. Currently, shipbuilding and vehicle manufacturing are thriving, as are the chemical, plastic, fertilizer, and machinery and equipment industries. It is connected to Norfolk and Newport News to form a large metropolitan area. Population 103,907 (1990).

Portsmouth
Portsmouth

A city in southern Ohio, United States. It is located on the banks of the Ohio River where the Scioto River joins with Fullerton, Kentucky, on the opposite bank. Founded in 1803, it flourished as a transshipment point between the canal and the river after the Ohio-Erie Canal was opened in 1830, and became a center of rail transport after the steamship era ended. It is a stone production center, and its sandstone was used in the Canadian Parliament Building in Ottawa. It is also home to a branch campus of Ohio University. Population 22,676 (1990).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
イギリス,イングランド南部の都市。単一自治体(ユニタリー unitary authority)。1997年にハンプシャー県から分離して単一自治体となった。ロンドンの南西約 100km,イギリス海峡沿岸の港湾都市で,ワイト島とイギリス本土を隔てるソーレント水道に面する。中心市街は,ソーレント水道に向かって開口する西のポーツマス港と東のラングストン港に挟まれたポートシー島にあるが,市域は島を本土から分ける狭い水路を越えて北の本土に及んでいる。1194年,島の戦略的重要性に着目したリチャード1世がここに町を建設し,勅許状を与えた。その後海軍基地となり,1496年には海軍造船所が開設され,軍港として急速に発展。第2次世界大戦時には空爆により大きな被害を受けたが,戦後復興し,イギリスの主要軍港となった。造船所を含む海軍諸施設は壺型のポーツマス港に面した島の西岸にある。またソーレント水道に面した南岸のサウスシー一帯は,海岸に沿って遊歩道,広い草地,公園,スポーツ施設などがあり,海浜保養地として知られる。ドックの一角にはトラファルガルの戦いにおけるホレーショ・ネルソン提督の旗艦『ビクトリー』号が保存されており,その近くにはネルソンの遺品を収蔵するビクトリー博物館などもあって訪れる観光客が多い。軍港のほか,商港,ヨーロッパ大陸と結ぶフェリー港があり,航空機工業や各種軽工業も立地する。チャールズ・ジョン・ハファム・ディケンズ,ジョージ・メレディスの生地。面積 40km2。人口 18万9600(2005推計)。

ポーツマス
Portsmouth

アメリカ合衆国,ニューハンプシャー州南東部の港湾都市。 1623年入植,同州最古の入植地。州で最古の新聞,『ニューハンプシャー・ガゼット』が 1756年に発刊された。 18世紀には造船業が主産業となり,1790年代には軍艦の建造,修理を中心に軍港として栄えた。軍港はシービー島にあるが,一般にはポーツマス港と称される。 1905年日露戦争終結の際,ポーツマス条約が調印された地。海軍関連工業のほか,機械,製靴,製紙などの工業が盛ん。ニューファンドランド近海の漁場を控え,漁港としても有名。人口2万 5925 (1990) 。

ポーツマス
Portsmouth

アメリカ合衆国,バージニア州南東部の港湾都市。ハンプトンローズ港に面し,エリザベス川をはさんで,ノーフォークに対する。 1752年から入植を開始。 67年に造船所,そして 1801年ノーフォーク軍港が建設され,南北戦争のおり南軍の装甲艦『バージニア』が建造された。現在は造船,車両工業が盛んで,ほかに化学,プラスチック,肥料,機械器具工業もある。ノーフォーク,ニューポートニューズなどと連接して大都市圏を形成。人口 10万 3907 (1990) 。

ポーツマス
Portsmouth

アメリカ合衆国,オハイオ州南部にある都市。シオト川が合流する地点のオハイオ川河岸にあり,対岸はケンタッキー州のフラートンである。 1803年に創設,30年にオハイオ=エリー運河が開通してから,運河と河川との間の貨物の積替え場所として栄え,汽船時代が終ってからは,鉄道輸送の中心地になった。石材の産地で,その砂岩はオタワにあるカナダの国会議事堂に使われている。オハイオ大学分校がある。人口2万 2676 (1990) 。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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