Veracruz (English spelling)

Japanese: ベラクルス（英語表記）Veracruz

Its official name is Veracruz Llave. It is a city in the central state of Veracruz, in central Mexico. It is the largest port city on the Gulf of Mexico side of the country, located about 300 km east of Mexico City. In 1519, the first Spanish settlement was built by H. Cortes a little away from the current location, but it was later abandoned and a new town was built at the current location around 1599. This town was also located on a low, humid sandy beach only 15 meters above sea level, with high temperatures and heavy rainfall, and the sanitary conditions were generally poor, but it prospered as Mexico's main port connecting with Spain during the colonial period. For this reason, it was often attacked by pirates, and was occupied by the French and American armies, and after independence in 1821, by many revolutionary governments, and played an extremely important role in Mexican history. Currently, port facilities such as docks and warehouses have been developed, and it has developed as a shipping port for agricultural areas and industrial cities such as Orizaba and Puebla, which are located behind it. The city is home to oil refineries, shipbuilding, food, cement, chemical, soap, and textile industries. It is also home to the Veracruz Institute of Technology (1957). It is also a key location for land transportation, with railroads and roads connecting it to various parts of Mexico's interior and coastline. Population: 327,522 (1990 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

正式名称はベラクルスヤベ Veracruz Llave。メキシコ中部，ベラクルス州中部の都市。同国のメキシコ湾側の最大の港湾都市で，メキシコ市の東約 300kmにある。 1519年 H.コルテスにより現在地からやや離れた地点に最初のスペイン人入植地が建設されたが，のちに放棄され，99年頃現在地に新しい町が建設された。この町も高温多雨で標高わずか 15mの低湿な砂浜に立地し，衛生状態は概して悪かったが，植民地時代にはスペインと結ぶメキシコの主要港として繁栄。このためしばしば海賊に襲撃されたのをはじめ，フランス軍，アメリカ合衆国軍，さらに 1821年の独立ののちは多くの革命政府によって占領されるなど，メキシコ史上きわめて重要な役割を果した。現在ドック，倉庫などの港湾施設が整備され，背後に農業地帯およびオリサバやプエブラなどの工業都市を控えて，それらの積出港として発展。市内には石油精製，造船，食品，セメント，化学，石鹸，繊維などの工業が立地。ベラクルス工科大学 (1957) 所在地。陸上交通の要地でもあり，メキシコ内陸および沿岸の各地と結ぶ鉄道，道路が集る。人口 32万 7522 (1990推計) 。

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