Odaenathus

…In the 3rd century, the threat of the Sassanid Empire grew and the central government of Rome was in turmoil. Palmyra gained independence from Rome and became a kingdom. In the mid-3rd century, the chief of Palmyra, Odaenathus, defeated the Sassanid Empire that had invaded from the East and was given the title of corrector totius orientis by the Roman emperor. After his death in 267, his wife Zenobia appointed her son Vaballathus as the king of Palmyra and sought independence from Rome and to expand the territory. After conquering a vast area from Asia Minor to Egypt and calling himself Augusta, Emperor Aurelian began to attack Palmyra, capturing Zenobia and his allies. Palmyra was completely destroyed in 273 and its prosperity came to an end. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Odaenathus" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…3世紀のササン朝ペルシアの脅威の増大とローマ中央政府の混乱の中で，パルミュラのローマからの自立と王国化が進んだ。3世紀半ば，パルミュラの首長オダエナトゥスOdaenathusは東方から侵入してきたササン朝ペルシアを撃退し，ローマ皇帝から東方領の行政総監督官corrector totius orientisの称号を与えられた。267年彼の死後，その妻ゼノビアは息子ウァバラトゥスVaballathusをパルミュラ王としてローマからの独立と領土拡大を図り，小アジアからエジプトに至る広大な領域を征服し，さらに自ら〈アウグスタ〉と称するに及んで，アウレリアヌス帝はパルミュラ討伐に着手，ゼノビアらを捕らえ，273年パルミュラは徹底的に破壊され，その繁栄は終わった。…

※「Odaenathus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報