Bethlehem

Japanese: ベスレヘム(英語表記)Bethlehem
Bethlehem
A town on the west bank of the Jordan River in Palestine. It is located 8 km south of Jerusalem, on the edge of the "Hills of Juda" that extend to the Dead Sea in the central mountain range of Palestine, along the road to Jerusalem. In Arabic, it is called Bayt Laḥm, meaning "house of meat," and in Hebrew, Bethlehem, meaning "house of bread." It is believed to be the birthplace of Jesus Christ. Around 330, Helena, the mother of Constantine I, built the Church of the Nativity over the cave where Jesus was said to have been born, and Justinian I rebuilt it in its present-day form around the 6th century. The name of the town is said to have appeared in records from the 14th century BC. It was a holy place of pilgrimage for Christians for a long time, and developed as a trading post for nearby villages and nomads from the wilderness. From around the 16th century, crafts using olive wood and mother-of-pearl developed. It was incorporated into Jordan in 1950, but has been under Israeli occupation since 1967. In 2012, the Church of the Nativity and the pilgrimage route were registered as cultural heritage of the World Heritage Sites. Population: 29,019 (2005 estimate).

Bethlehem
Bethlehem

A city in eastern Pennsylvania, USA. It is located on the hills on both sides of the Ray River, about 80 km northwest of Philadelphia. It was founded in 1741 by Moravian Brethren who immigrated from Bohemia and Moravia with the aim of religious freedom and evangelizing to Native Americans. The first steel mill was built in 1857, followed by Bethlehem Steel in 1904, and it developed into one of America's leading steel-producing cities. In addition, factories for cement, casting, machinery, metals, and electrical machinery were also established in the city. It is home to the Moravian Seminary (founded in 1742), America's first women's boarding school, Moravian College, and Ray College. It is also internationally known as a music city, and the Bach Festival is held every May. Population 71,428 (1990).

Bethlehem
Bethlehem

A town in the northeastern part of the Free State in the central-eastern part of South Africa. It is located about 115 km southeast of Kroonstad, at the western foot of the Drakensberg Mountains, at an altitude of 1,600 m. It is the center of the agricultural and livestock industry and a distribution center for goods, with grain warehouses and cold storage facilities. Food processing (flour milling, dairy products, brewing) is thriving, and there is a furniture manufacturing and railway repair factory. The Golden Gate Highlands National Park is about 50 km southeast. Population: 11,819 (2001).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
パレスチナ,ヨルダン川西岸にある町。エルサレムの南 8km,パレスチナ中央山脈,死海まで続く「ユダの丘」の端に位置し,エルサレムに通じる道に沿っている。アラビア語では「肉の家」を意味するバイトラフム Bayt Laḥm,ヘブライ語では「パンの家」を意味するベツレヘム Bet Leḥmという。イエス・キリストの生誕地と信じられている。330年頃,コンスタンチヌス1世の母ヘレナが,イエスが誕生したと伝えられる洞窟の上に聖誕教会を建築,その後 6世紀頃ユスチニアヌス1世が今日の形に再建した。前14世紀の記録に町の名が現れているとされている。長い間キリスト教徒の巡礼の聖地で,付近の村や荒地の遊牧民の交易所として発展。16世紀頃からオリーブ材や真珠貝の細工が発達した。1950年ヨルダンに編入されたが,1967年以降イスラエルの占領下にある。2012年,聖誕教会と巡礼路が世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。人口 2万9019(2005推計)。

ベスレヘム
Bethlehem

アメリカ合衆国,ペンシルバニア州東部にある都市。レイ川の両岸の丘陵にあり,フィラデルフィア北西約 80kmに位置する。 1741年信教の自由とインディアンへの布教を目的にボヘミアとモラビアから移民したモラビア兄弟団信者によって創設された。 1857年に最初の製鉄所が建設され,続いて 1904年ベスレヘム・スチール社が進出し,アメリカ有数の製鉄都市に発展。そのほか,セメント,鋳物,機械,金属,電気機械などの工場も立地。アメリカ最初の女子寄宿学校モラビアンセミナリー (1742創立) ,モラビアン大学,レイ大学がある。音楽都市としても国際的に有名で,毎年5月にバッハ祭が開催される。人口7万 1428 (1990) 。

ベスレヘム
Bethlehem

南アフリカ共和国中東部,自由州北東部の町。クローンスタート南東約 115km,ドラケンスベルク山脈西麓,標高 1600mに位置。農牧業地帯の中心地,物資集散地で,穀物倉庫,冷凍貯蔵庫などを備える。食品加工(製粉,酪製品,醸造)が盛んなほか,家具製造,鉄道修理工場がある。南東約 50kmにゴールデンゲートハイランズ国立公園がある。人口 1万1819(2001)。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Bethlehem Steel Corp.

>>:  Vézelay - Vézelay (English spelling)

Recommend

Clodius, P. (English spelling) ClodiusP

…The first corn bill was presented in 123 BC by G...

Antalis weinkauffi (English spelling)

…It lives on fine sandy muddy bottoms and prefers...

Electric charge - denka (English spelling)

The substance that is the basis of electrical phen...

Aobashi - Aobashi

...These pampas grasses represent the abode and p...

Glenurquhat (English spelling) Glenurquhat

…(2) Glen Feshie: Shepherd check with red overche...

Uesugi Narinori

Year of death: May 20, 1889 Year of birth: Bunsei ...

Neogene period

It is one of the geological time divisions, and i...

Dashiman (English spelling)

A term used to refer to Muslim priests in the Yuan...

Karita's Randomness

Harvesting crops from the rice fields is a legitim...

Qrīm Khān (English spelling)

One of the successor states to the Golden Horde. F...

navagrāha (English spelling)

…It is included in the 104th volume of the Kaigen...

Auslösemechanismus (English spelling)

…It is considered to be the most basic mechanism ...

Sachs, J. von (English spelling) SachsJvon

…Swiss pastor J. Senebier (1724-1809) proved that...

Cypselurus opisthopus hiraii (English spelling) Cypselurusopisthopushiraii

…[Isao Hanyu]. … *Some of the terminology that me...

Acacia farnesiana (English spelling) Acaciafarnesiana

…[Hiroshi Aramata]. … *Some of the terminology th...