晷礼 - きぎ

Japanese: 晷儀 - きぎ
晷礼 - きぎ

…Because the shadow of the sun changes with the seasons, by erecting a vertical pole and observing the position and length of the shadow, it is possible to determine the direction (east-west, north-south), the altitude of the sun, or the time. This was the gnomon of an ancient astronomical observation instrument, and in China it was called the guiping or xiang yi. [Editorial Department]
[Shadows and the Japanese]
The word "kage" has long been used by the Japanese in a dualistic way.

From [Time]

…The sundials first used in the Orient, and very few surviving examples remain in China, so it is unclear to what extent they were used. There were eight-foot tables and gnomons for measuring the shadow of the sun, but their main use seems to have been to determine the time of the winter and summer solstices and to determine the length of a year. Time or hours were all measured by water clocks. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Shugi" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…太陽の影は季節によって異なるから,垂直棒を立て,その影の位置,長さを観測することによって東西南北の方位や太陽高度,あるいは時刻を知ることができる。古代の天文観測器のノーモンがこれで,中国では圭表あるいは晷儀(きぎ)と呼んでいた。【編集部】
[かげと日本人]
 〈かげ〉ということばは,日本人によって久しく二元論的な使いかたをされてきた。…

【時刻】より

…オリエントで最初に使用された日時計も,中国では遺品もきわめて少なくどこまで実用されたのかわからない。日の影を測った八尺の表とか晷儀(きぎ)(ノーモン)があったが,おもな用法は冬至,夏至の時刻を知って1年の長さを決定するために使用されたようである。時刻あるいは時間はすべて漏刻(ろうこく)(水時計)によって測られた。…

※「晷儀」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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