al-Ma'adi (English spelling) alMaadi

Japanese: al-Ma‘adi（英語表記）alMaadi

...Historical population estimates are that the population was over 300,000 in the 11th century during the height of the Fatimid dynasty, declined to 150,000-200,000 in the 12th century, around 600,000 in the first half of the 14th century under the Mamluk dynasty, around 430,000 in the mid-16th century at the beginning of the Ottoman Empire, around 250,000 at the start of the 19th century when Napoleon's army invaded, around 400,000 in 1882, around 680,000 in 1907, around 1.06 million in 1927, and over 2 million in 1947. Cairo today is roughly divided into three parts: the old city, with its walls and castle ruins, stretching from the foot of Muqattam Hill in the east to Port Said (Bur Sa'īd) Street, where the canal once stood; the new city, which dates from the mid-19th century, stretching from the west of Port Said Street to the Nile; and the newly developed suburban residential areas, which were formed in the 20th century, especially after World War II. These extend from Giza to Embaba on the west bank of the Nile, from Shobra to Heliopolis, and further southeast to the northern part of the city, and the southern suburbs of Ma'adi and Helwan. In addition, the vast cemeteries in the southeast and northeast (known as "Cities of the Dead") have become urbanized, with people from rural areas and refugees from the Middle East wars settling there.

From the Maadi Culture

…The culture of the Predynastic period of Egypt at the end of the 4th millennium BC. It was the last predynastic culture of Lower Egypt, just before the 1st Dynasty. The reference site is Maadi al-Maadi on the east bank of the Nile, about 15 km south of Cairo. It was excavated by O. Mengin and others in the 1930s. The remains of a dwelling with storage pits have been discovered, but the burial site has not been identified. Many artifacts have also been discovered that are similar to those of the Gerze culture (Nakada II culture) of Upper Egypt, such as slate palettes, painted pottery, and pottery with wavy handles. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "al-Ma'adi" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…歴史的な人口推定は，ファーティマ朝盛期の11世紀に30万以上，12世紀に衰えて15万～20万，マムルーク朝時代の14世紀前半に約60万，オスマン帝国時代初期の16世紀中葉に約43万，ナポレオン軍侵略の19世紀初めに約25万，1882年に約40万，1907年に約68万，27年に約106万，47年に200万を超えた。　現在のカイロは大きく三つの部分からなり，第1に，東のムカッタム丘下から運河あとにあたるポート･サイードPort Said(ブール･サイードBūr Sa‘īd)通りに至る城壁や城跡を残した旧市街，第2に，ポート･サイード通りの西からナイル川に至る，19世紀中葉以降の新市街，第3に，20世紀とくに第2次世界大戦以後に形成された郊外の新興住宅地で，ギーザからエンバーバに至るナイル川西岸，ショブラーからヘリオポリス，さらにその南東に至る市の北部，南部の近郊都市マアディal‐Ma‘adi，ヘルワーンなどの方向に広がっている。また，南東と北東にある広大な墓地(〈死者の町〉とよばれる)に，農村からの流入民や中東戦争の難民が住みついて都市化した部分もある。…

【マアディ文化】より

…前4千年紀末のエジプト先王朝期の文化。下エジプトの先王朝最後の文化で，第1王朝直前にあたる。カイロの南郊約15kmにあるナイル川東岸のマアディal‐Maadiを標準遺跡とする。1930年代にO.メンギンらによって発掘された。貯蔵穴をもつ住居址が発見されているが，墓域は明らかにされていない。スレート製パレット，彩文土器，波状把手付土器など，上エジプトのゲルゼ文化(ナカーダII文化)のものとよく似た内容をもつ遺物も多く発見されている。…

※「al-Ma‘adi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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