Becquerel

Japanese: ベクレル
Becquerel
A unit of radioactivity. Symbol Bq. When the rate of nuclear decay (or spontaneous nuclear fission) is 1 per second, the radioactivity is 1 Bq. Radioactivity is the time rate at which an atomic nucleus decays by emitting beta or alpha rays, or undergoes spontaneous nuclear fission. The unit of radioactivity has long been the curie (symbol Ci), but the becquerel was established as the unit of radioactivity at the 1975 General Conference on Weights and Measures. 1 Ci is equal to 3.7 x 1010 Bq. It is named after A. H. Becquerel, a French physicist and Nobel Prize-winning discoverer of radioactivity. It is a unit with a different definition and properties from the gray, which represents the strength of the absorbed dose of radiation, or the sievert (symbol [Sv]), which is a unit obtained by multiplying the gray by a coefficient that takes into account the effects of different types of radiation on the human body.
→ Related topics Curie (unit) | Designated waste | Radioactivity

Becquerel

French physicist. He studied at the École Polytechnique and the School of Civil Engineering, becoming a first-class civil engineer in 1885 and a professor at the École Polytechnique in 1895. He studied the rotation of polarized light by magnetism, phosphorescence, infrared spectra, etc., and in 1896 he discovered a new type of radiation emanating from uranium ore, paving the way for research into radioactivity. In 1903 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Curie and his wife. His grandfather Antoine César (1788-1878) and father Alexandre Edmond (1820-1891) were also famous physicists. → Becquerel (unit)
→ Related topics Curie | Curie

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
放射能の単位。記号Bq。原子核の崩壊(または自然核分裂)の割合が毎秒1であるときの放射能が1Bqである。放射能とは,原子核がβ線とかα線などを放出して崩壊したり,自然核分裂を起こしたりすることの時間的な割合である。放射能の単位として,以前からキュリー(記号Ci)が用いられているが,1975年の国際度量衡総会で放射能の単位としてベクレルが制定された。1Ciは3.7×1010Bqに等しい。フランスの物理学者でノーベル賞受賞の放射能の発見者A.H.ベクレルにちなんで名づけられた。放射線の吸収線量の強さを表すグレイやグレイに放射線の種類の違いによる人体などへの影響を加味して係数を掛け合わせた単位であるシーベルト(単位記号[Sv])とは,定義・性質の異なる単位である。
→関連項目キュリー(単位)|指定廃棄物|放射能

ベクレル

フランスの物理学者。エコール・ポリテクニクと土木学校で学び,1885年一級土木技師,1895年エコール・ポリテクニク教授。磁気による偏光面の回転,リン光,赤外線スペクトル等を研究,1896年ウラン鉱石から出る新しい放射線を発見,放射能研究の端緒を開いた。1903年キュリー夫妻とともにノーベル物理学賞。祖父アントアーヌ・セザール〔1788-1878〕,父アレクサンドル・エドモン〔1820-1891〕も著名な物理学者。→ベクレル(単位)
→関連項目キュリー|キュリー

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