Beckett

Japanese: ベケット

Irish-born French author and playwright. Born to a Protestant family near Dublin. Studied French and Italian at Trinity College, and was devoted to Dante. Became acquainted with J. Joyce, and worked as a scribe for him, who had poor eyesight. From 1937 onwards, he lived mainly in Paris. In 1938, he published his novel Murphy in London, but it was not accepted. During World War II, he participated in the Resistance and wrote Watt (published in 1953). After the war, he published a trilogy of novels, Molloy, Malone Dies (both 1951), and The Unnamable (1953), as well as the play Waiting for Godot (1952), which became a landmark in postwar theatre, and his works were recognised for their true value. He subsequently published the play The End of the Game (1957) and the novel The Order of Things (1961), and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1968. In later years, he also wrote screenplays and radio scripts. His works present the human consciousness that still sustains itself with almost meaningless words amid the collapse of logic and values in modern times. His later television work was published in 1992 as "The Exhausted," along with an essay of the same title by G. Deleuze.
→ Related topics: Uno Jukichi | Takayuki Ken | Sontag | Nouveau Theatre | Betsuyaku Minoru | Literature in Exile | Holliger

Beckett

English clergyman. He was an advisor to King Henry II and was on friendly terms with him, but came into conflict with him because of his support for the church. He became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1162, and fought against the king for opposing the Clarendon Act, which transferred clerical trials to the state. A temporary reconciliation was reached, but he was later murdered by four of the king's knights in Canterbury Cathedral. He was canonized by the Pope, and pilgrimages to his tomb became popular thereafter. He was the subject of T.S. Eliot's Murder in the Cathedral (1935).
→ Related articles Alexander [III] | Canterbury | Northampton

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

アイルランド出身のフランスの作家，劇作家。ダブリン近郊のプロテスタント家庭に生まれる。トリニティ・カレッジでフランス語，イタリア語を学び，ダンテに傾倒。J.ジョイスと知り合い，目の悪いジョイスの代書を務める。1937年以降，おもにパリに住む。1938年小説《マーフィー》をロンドンで出版するが認められない。第２次大戦下，レジスタンスに参加しつつ，《ワット》を執筆（出版は1953年）。戦後，《モロイ》《マロウンは死ぬ》（ともに1951年），《名づけえぬもの》（1953年）の小説三部作と，戦後演劇の画期となった戯曲《ゴドーを待ちながら》（1952年）を発表，その真価を認められる。以後も戯曲《勝負の終り》（1957年），小説《事の次第》（1961年）などを発表，1968年ノーベル文学賞。後年はシナリオ，ラジオ台本も手がける。その作品は，現代における論理や諸価値の崩壊のなかでなおほとんど無意味な言葉によって自らを支える人間の意識を提示している。後年のテレビ作品は《消尽したもの》としてG.ドゥルーズが寄せた同題のエッセーとともに1992年刊。
→関連項目宇野重吉｜高行健｜ソンタグ｜ヌーボー・テアトル｜別役実｜亡命文学｜ホリガー

ベケット

英国の聖職者。国王ヘンリー２世の顧問として王と親交を結んだが，教会擁護の立場から王と対立。1162年にカンタベリー大司教となり，聖職者裁判の国家移管を定めたクラレンドン法に反対して王と抗争した。一時和解が成立したが，のちにカンタベリー大聖堂内で王の４人の騎士によって殺害された。教皇により列聖され，以後墓に詣でる巡礼が盛んになった。T.S.エリオットの《寺院の殺人》（1935年）の題材になった。
→関連項目アレクサンデル［３世］｜カンタベリー｜ノーサンプトン

出典　株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて　情報

<<: Hegel - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

>>: Becquerel