Leveling method - Heijunho

An economic and financial policy implemented during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty in China, along with the Equal Trade Law. It was drafted by Sang Hongyang and implemented from 110 BC. Equal trade means averaging out prices, and an official called the Equal Trade Law was placed in the Daxinu, the office in charge of national finances, and a warehouse managed by the Equal Trade Law was established in the capital to store goods collected through the Equal Trade Law from all over the country. The goods were then sold when prices rose and purchased when prices fell, with the aim of stabilizing prices, curbing the excessive profits of big merchants, and at the same time increasing the national treasury income through this government-run business. The Equal Trade Law, along with the Salt and Iron Monopoly and the Equal Trade Law, was one of the most representative financial policies of Emperor Wu, and the record of the financial situation in the Records of the Grand Historian was named the "Book of Equal Trade Law."

[Tsuyoshi Kageyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、前漢の武帝時代に均輸法とともに実施された経済財政政策。その立案者は桑弘羊(そうこうよう)で、紀元前110年から実施された。平準とは物価を平均することを意味し、国家財政を担当する大司農(だいしのう)に平準令(へいじゅんれい)という官を置き、首都に平準令管理の倉庫があり、全土から均輸法によって集められた財貨を貯蔵した。そして物価が高騰するとこれを売り出し、物価が低落すれば買い入れ、これによって物価の安定を実現し、大商人の暴利を抑え、同時にこの官営商業で国庫の収入も増加させることが目的であった。平準法は塩鉄専売および均輸法とともに、武帝の財政政策の代表的なものの一つで、『史記』の財政事情の記録は「平準書」と名づけられた。

［影山　剛］

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