Eijunsho Police Station

This office was in charge of the Joheisō (common storehouses) established in May 759 (Tenpyō Hōji 3). Joheisō were established following the Chinese system, with the aim of alleviating hunger and illness among pilgrims returning to their provinces by buying rice when the price was low and selling it when the price was high, using rice allocated to each province according to its size, and stabilizing grain prices in the capital. The Joheisō (common storehouses) in the three provinces of Tokai, Tosan, and Hokuriku were managed by the Left Heijunshō, while those in the four provinces of San'in, San'yō, Nankai, and Saikai were managed by the Right Heijunshō. Articles about the appointment of Heijunrei, who is thought to have been the chief of the Joheisō, can be found in the Shoku Nihongi (Chronicles of Japan Continued) (July 11, 1891, Boushi entry; July 11, 1891, Itsū entry), but their existence was short-lived, being abolished in September 771 (Hōki 2).

[Tomoyasu Kato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

759年（天平宝字3）5月に設置された常平倉(じょうへいそう)を管掌する役所。常平倉は、国の大小により割り当て拠出させた公廨(くがい)稲をもとに、米価の安いときに買い、高いときに売った利によって、諸国へ帰還する運脚(うんきゃく)の飢えや病苦を救い、あわせて京内の穀価の安定を図る目的をもって、中国の制に倣い設置された。常平倉のうち、東海・東山・北陸の三道のものは左平準署が、山陰・山陽・南海・西海の四道のものは右平準署が分掌した。その長官とみられる平準令の任官記事が『続日本紀(しょくにほんぎ)』に散見する（天平宝字6年正月戊子条。同7年7月乙卯条）が、存続期間は短く、771年（宝亀2）9月には廃止されている。

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