Parliament

… The background to the widespread acceptance of such a series of words with negative origins as words indicating an essential and desirable system for political administration is the establishment of parliamentary systems. The term “Parliamentum” became an official term in the mid-13th century and has an ancient origin. However, for the next few centuries, it remained an unstable quasi-judicial advisory body that could be convened or ignored depending on the king’s convenience, and attendance at parliament was more of a politically dangerous and financially burdensome obligation than a right of subjects. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Parliamentum" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　このように否定的な起源をもつ一連の言葉が，政治運営に不可欠で望ましい制度を示す語として広く受容されていく背景に，議会制の確立がある。〈議会Parliamentum〉が公用語となるのは13世紀中葉で起源は古い。しかし以後数世紀間は，国王の都合しだいで召集されたり存在を無視されたりする不安定な準司法的諮問体にとどまり，議会出席は臣下の権利というより，政治的に危険で財政的にやっかいな義務に近かった。…

※「Parliamentum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報