Dishonored check - Fuwatari

Japanese: 不渡り - ふわたり
Dishonored check - Fuwatari
When a bill or check is not paid despite the payer's legal presentation for payment. A dishonored bill or check is called a dishonored bill or dishonored check. The holder of such a bill or check can certify the payment with a protest certificate or other document at the proper time (Bills and Checks Act, Article 44, Article 77, Paragraph 1, Item 4, Cheques Act, Articles 39 and 40) and demand retroactive repayment from the endorser, issuer, or other debtor. There are two reasons for dishonor: insufficient funds or no transaction (so-called dishonored reason No. 1), and non-performance of contract, fraud, loss, theft, incorrect seal, forgery, alteration, incorrect method of entering the amount column, incorrect contract form, etc. (There is also reason No. 0, which is not subject to dishonor reporting or dishonor disposition and is due to non-legal presentation, etc.). If a bill or check presented at a bill clearing house is dishonored twice within six months, the issuer of the promissory note or check, or the acceptor of a bill of exchange, will be dishonored and will be suspended from doing business with affiliated banks of the bill clearing house for two years.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
手形,小切手の支払人が,適法な支払呈示をしたにもかかわらず,支払われなかったこと。不渡りになったものを不渡り手形,不渡り小切手という。これら手形または小切手の所持人は,適法な時期に支払拒絶証書などをもって証明し (手形法 44,77条1項4号,小切手法 39,40) ,裏書人,振出人その他の債務者に対しさかのぼって償還の請求ができる。不渡りの事由には,資金不足,取引なしを理由とするもの (いわゆる1号不渡り事由) と,契約不履行,詐取,紛失,盗難,印鑑相違,偽造,変造,金額欄記載方式相違,約定用紙相違などを理由とするもの (いわゆる2号不渡り事由) とがある (このほか,不渡り報告・不渡り処分の対象外とされている,適法な呈示でないことなどを理由とする0号事由がある) 。手形交換所で呈示された手形,小切手が6カ月以内に2回不渡りになった場合には,約束手形または小切手の振出人,または為替手形の引受人は不渡り処分を受け,同手形交換所加盟銀行との取引を2年間停止される。

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