Buyids (Āl-i Būya)

Japanese: ブワイフ朝 - ブワイフちょう(英語表記)Buwayhids; Buyids(Āl-i Būya)
Buyids (Āl-i Būya)
A Shiite dynasty of the Dayramites (c. 932-1062) that ruled southwestern Iran and Iraq. Also called the Buyid dynasty. Three brothers, Ali, Hasan, and Ahmad, from the family of Buyah, said to be native royals of Dayram, left the Samanid dynasty and served Mardabij of the Ziyarid dynasty, expanding their power into southwestern Iran, eventually establishing their own independent states in Fars, Jibar, and Kerman. In 945, Ahmad entered Baghdad under the Abbasid caliphate, where he was given the title of Mu`izz al-Dawla by the caliph and appointed Grand Amir, effectively seizing real power. He placed the Sunni caliph under his protection, and came into conflict with the Fatimid dynasty, a Shiite sect of the Ismaili sect. Ahmad's son, Azd-ud-Daulah (reigned 949-983), unified the Buyid dynasty and pursued an expansionist policy, which led to repeated conflicts with the Hamdanid dynasty in the west and the Ziyarid and Samanid dynasties in the east. After Azd-ud-Daulah's death, the dynasty split up, losing Jibar to Mahmud of the Ghaznids in 1029, Baghdad to Toghrul Beg of the Seljuk dynasty in 1055, and finally Shiraz falling in 1062, leading to its demise.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
イラン南西部およびイラクを支配したダイラム人のシーア派王朝 (932頃~1062) 。ブーヤ朝ともいう。ダイラムの土着王族出身と伝えられるブワイフ家のアリー,ハサン,アフマドの3兄弟は,サーマン朝の配下を離れ,ジヤール朝のマルダービージュに仕えて,イラン南西部に勢力を拡大し,やがてファールス,ジバール,ケルマーンにそれぞれ自立。 945年アフマドはアッバース朝カリフ治下のバグダードに入城し,カリフからムイッズ・ウッダウラ Mu`izz al-Dawlaの称号を授けられると同時に,大アミールに任じられて事実上の実権を掌握した。彼はスンニー派のカリフを保護下におき,同じシーア派の一派イスマーイール派のファーティマ朝と対立した。アフマドの息子アズド・ウッダウラ (在位 949~983) はブワイフ家を統合して膨張政策をとり,西方のハムダーン朝,東方のジヤール朝,サーマン朝と抗争を繰返した。アズド・ウッダウラの没後,王朝は分裂し,1029年ガズニー朝のマフムードにジバールを奪われ,55年にはセルジューク朝のトグルル・ベグにバグダードを占領されて,ついに 62年シーラーズも陥落して滅亡した。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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