Also called metamorphic andesite. This refers to volcanic rocks, particularly andesite and dacite, in which the constituent minerals have been hydrothermally altered to produce various hydrous minerals. Plagioclase is altered to sericite (muscovite), epidote, and albite, while pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, and glass are altered to chlorite, wedge, and calcite. However, the texture of the volcanic rocks often remains. The most important alteration products are sericite, chlorite, and quartz, and therefore the processes that produce propylite are said to be sericite, chloritization, and silicification. In Japan, propylite is considered important as the parent rock of hydrothermal deposits in the Tertiary System. In addition, various zeolite types are produced by alteration at temperatures lower than that of propylite, so there is a zeolite zone outside the propylite area. [Mitsuo Hashimoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
変朽安山岩(へんきゅうあんざんがん)ともいう。主として熱水作用の影響で、構成鉱物が加水変質し、いろいろな含水鉱物を生じた火山岩のうち、とくに安山岩や石英安山岩をいう。斜長石は絹雲母(きぬうんも)(白雲母)、緑簾(りょくれん)石、曹長(そうちょう)石などに変化し、輝石、角閃(かくせん)石、黒雲母、ガラス質は緑泥石、くさび石、方解石などになる。しかし、火山岩の組織は残っていることが多い。なかでも重要な変質産物は、絹雲母、緑泥石、石英であって、そのためプロピライトを生ずる作用は、絹雲母化、緑泥石化、珪(けい)化であるとされている。日本では、プロピライトは第三系中の熱水鉱床の母岩として重要視されている。なお、プロピライトよりも低温の変質作用では、各種の沸石類が生ずるので、プロピライト化地域の外側には沸石帯がある。 [橋本光男] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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