...Therefore, a paradigm can be said to be a concept that combines both epistemological and sociological aspects. Kuhn calls the scientific activities carried out under a single paradigm "normal science" and compares it to "puzzle solving" (i.e. solving a puzzle with a master diagram, which corresponds to the paradigm). Kuhn calls the activities that occur after a paradigm crisis, until a new paradigm is born and normal science begins again, "extraordinary science." ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "normal science" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがって,パラダイムは,認識論的側面と社会学的側面の双方を兼備した概念といえる。 クーンは,この一つのパラダイム支配下に行われる科学的活動を〈通常科学normal science〉と呼び,それを〈パズル解き〉(つまり原図――それがパラダイムに相当する――のあるはめ絵パズルを解いていくこと)に比する。パラダイムに危機が訪れ,やがて,新しいパラダイムが生まれて再び〈通常科学〉の営みが始まるまでの間の活動を,クーンは〈異常科学extraordinary science〉と呼ぶ。… ※「normal science」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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