Blake, William

Japanese: ブレーク（英語表記）Blake， William

Born: November 28, 1757, London
[Died] August 12, 1827, London. British poet, painter, and mystic. He became an apprentice to the engraver J. Basair at the age of 14, and entered the Royal Academy of Art in 1779. He published his first collection of poems in 1783, and in 1789 published Songs of Innocence, a handmade book of colored copperplate prints. He produced almost all of his works in small runs using this method. His works include The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1793), Songs of Experience (94), a companion piece to Songs of Innocence, and especially Visions of the Daughters of Albion (93), Milton (1804-08), and Jerusalem (04-20), all of which are known as "prophetic books," in which he created a unique mythological world of visions and mysticism. In his later years, he left poetry to create illustrations for Milton and Dante. He was little understood during his lifetime, and lived in poverty as an engraver, but it was not until the 20th century that his vast overall picture was finally revealed.

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Blake, Edward

Born October 13, 1833 in Adelaide, Upper Canada
[Died] March 1, 1912, Toronto. Canadian politician. Premier of Ontario (in office 1871-72). Entered the bar in 1856, and was elected to the federal House of Commons as a Liberal Party member in the first election after Confederation in 1867. Became Premier of Ontario in 1871. Well versed in law, he worked hard to establish the Supreme Court of Canada and reduce the power of the Governor General while serving as Minister of Justice in A. Mackenzie's Liberal cabinet (1875-1977). He succeeded Mackenzie as leader of the Liberal Party in 1880, but he opposed the Liberal Party's reciprocity policy with the United States, and left the Liberal Party and Canadian politics in 1886. In 1892, he was elected to the British House of Commons in support of Irish nationalism, and helped draft the Irish Home Rule Bill in 1893, but the influence he showed in Canadian politics was not exerted in Britain.

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Blake, Robert

Born September 1599, Bridgwater, Somerset
[Died] August 10, 1657. Off the coast of Plymouth, Devon. British naval officer. Elected to the Long Parliament in 1640, he fought in the West as a general in the Parliamentary army after the outbreak of the Puritan Revolution. In 1649, he was appointed naval commander of the Republican government, and fought against Prince Rupert's Royal Navy and defeated it off the coast of Spain. He distinguished himself in the First Anglo-Dutch War (1652-54), and was wounded in battle and temporarily left the battle line, but was made a commander again in 1654. When the war against Spain broke out in 1656, he was deployed to the Mediterranean and defeated the enemy fleet at Santa Cruz Bay, but died of an illness on board his ship just before returning home.

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Bleek, Wilhelm Heinrich Immanuel

Born: March 8, 1827 in Berlin
[Died] August 17, 1875, Cape Town. German linguist. Known as a pioneer in comparative Bantu linguistics, he is known as the "father of Bantu linguistics." He received his doctorate in 1851. His main works include Handbook of African, Australian and Polynesian Philology (3 volumes, 1858-63), A Comparative Grammar of South-African Languages (2 volumes, 62-69), etc.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1757.11.28. ロンドン
[没]1827.8.12. ロンドン
イギリスの詩人，画家，神秘思想家。 14歳で彫版師 J.バザイアに弟子入りし，1779年王立アカデミーの画学校に入学。 83年最初の詩集を出版，89年には銅版画に着色した「彩色印刷」の手製本『無垢の歌』 Songs of Innocenceを出版。以後ほとんどすべての作品をこの方法で少部数制作した。『天国と地獄の結婚』 The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1793) ，『無垢の歌』の姉妹編『経験の歌』 Songs of Experience (94) などがあり，特に『アルビオンの娘たちの幻想』 Visions of the Daughters of Albion (93) 以下，『ミルトン』 Milton (1804～08) ，『エルサレム』 Jerusalem (04～20) にいたる，「予言書」と呼ばれる壮大な叙事詩群では，幻視と神秘思想による独自な神話世界を現出した。晩年には詩作を離れ，ミルトンやダンテなどの挿絵を制作した。生前はほとんど理解されず，彫版を生業として貧窮のうちに過したが，ようやく 20世紀にいたってその巨大な全体像が明らかにされた。

ブレーク
Blake， Edward

[生]1833.10.13. アッパーカナダ，アデレイド
[没]1912.3.1. トロント
カナダの政治家。オンタリオ州首相 (在任 1871～72) 。 1856年法曹界に入り，67年コンフェデレーション後初の選挙で自由党から連邦下院に当選。 71年オンタリオ州首相に就任。法律に詳しく，A.マッケンジーの自由党内閣に法相として入閣中 (75～77) に，カナダ最高裁判所の創設や総督の権限の縮小に尽力した。 80年マッケンジーを継いで自由党の党首となるが，自由党のアメリカとの互恵政策に反対し，86年自由党とカナダ政界を去った。 92年彼はアイルランドのナショナリズムを支持してイギリス下院に選出され，93年のアイルランド自治法案作成を助けたが，カナダ政界で示した影響力はイギリスでは発揮されなかった。

ブレーク
Blake， Robert

[生]1599.9. サマセット，ブリッジウォーター
[没]1657.8.10. デボン，プリマス港沖
イギリスの海軍軍人。 1640年長期議会議員に選出され，清教徒革命勃発後は議会軍の将として西部地方を歴戦。 49年共和国政府の海軍司令官に任命され，ルーパート王子の国王軍海軍と抗戦し，スペイン沖で撃破。第1次イギリス＝オランダ戦争 (1652～54) で武勲をあげ，戦傷を負って一時戦列を離れたが，54年再度司令官となり，56年対スペイン戦争が勃発すると地中海に出動，サンタクルス湾で敵艦隊を撃破したが，帰国の直前艦上で病死。

ブレーク
Bleek， Wilhelm Heinrich Immanuel

[生]1827.3.8. ベルリン
[没]1875.8.17. ケープタウン
ドイツの言語学者。バンツー語比較言語学の開拓者として知られ，「バンツー語学の父」といわれる。 1851年博士号取得。主著『アフリカ・オーストラリア・ポリネシア語学便覧』 Handbook of African，Australian and Polynesian Philology (3巻，1858～63) ，『南アフリカ諸語比較文法』A Comparative Grammar of South-African Languages (2巻，62～69) など。

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