Austrian organic chemist. Born September 3 in Laibach (now Ljubljana, Slovenia). Studied medicine at the University of Graz, and studied abroad in Germany (1904), working under Ostwald, E. Fischer, and Emil Abderhalden (1877-1950). He became a professor at the University of Innsbruck (1910-1913) and the University of Graz (1913), where he conducted research at the Institute of Medical Chemistry for the rest of his life. During his research into bile acids, he asked WH Kuhlmann to make a precision balance for the analysis of minute samples, and improved the analytical equipment to devise a quantitative organic analysis method that could be carried out in a relatively short time with only 2-3 milligrams of sample. This contributed greatly to the development of organic chemistry and biochemistry, and earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1923. He died in Graz on December 13, 1930. [Atsuko Iwata] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
オーストリアの有機化学者。9月3日ライバハ(現在のスロベニアのリュブリャナ)に生まれる。グラーツ大学で医学を学び、ドイツに留学(1904)、オストワルト、E・フィッシャー、アプデアハルデンEmil Abderhalden(1877―1950)のもとで研究、インスブルック大学教授(1910~1913)、グラーツ大学教授(1913)となり、終生同大医化学研究所で研究した。胆汁酸の研究中、微量試料の分析の必要から、精密な天秤(てんびん)の製作をクールマンW. H. Kuhlmannに依頼し、分析装置を改良して試料2~3ミリグラムでも十分でしかも比較的短時間に行える有機定量分析法を考案した。これによって有機化学、生化学の発展に大きな寄与をすることとなり、1923年ノーベル化学賞を受賞した。1930年12月13日グラーツで没。 [岩田敦子] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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