Wuling barbarians (English spelling)

Japanese: 武陵蛮 - ぶりょうばん（英語表記）Wǔ líng mán

In ancient China, non-Han peoples lived mainly in what are now Hunan and Hubei provinces. Their name comes from Wuling Commandery, which was established there during the Han dynasty. They are said to be descendants of the famous dog Panhu, and they practiced either wearing a topknot or cutting their hair. They were divided into many tribes by valley, and led by chiefs (jingfu). Their activities became more active after the 1st century, when Han Chinese settlements increased, and they were often linked to Taoist rebellions. Each dynasty after the Later Han dynasty used force to suppress them, but also tried to appease them by giving chiefs fiefs and imposing lighter taxes (soufu) than the Han people.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国古代に，今の湖南･湖北両省を中心に居住していた非漢民族。その名称は漢代に当地に設けられた武陵郡にもとづく。名犬槃瓠（ばんこ）の子孫といい，椎髻（ついけい）(あげまき)あるいは断髪の習をもつ。渓谷ごとに多くの部族に分かれ，長(精夫)に統率された。漢人の入植が進んだ1世紀以降に活動が活発化し，しばしば道教系の反乱ともつながりをもった。後漢以降の各王朝は，武力弾圧を加える一方で長の分封，漢人より軽い租税(賨布（そうふ）)で懐柔につとめた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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