The most influential of the Vedanta schools, which form the mainstream of Indian philosophy, is the school founded by Shankara (c. 700-c. 750). In Sanskrit it is called Advaita. The philosophical position of this school is called advaitavāda, which is based on the idea of oneness of Brahman and Atman in the Upanishads and holds that Brahman, the fundamental principle of the universe, is exactly the same as Atman, the essence of the individual, and that only Brahman, or Atman, exists; everything else is based on ignorance or maya (illusionary power) and does not exist as if it were an illusion. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
インド哲学の主流を成すベーダーンタ学派中の最も有力な,シャンカラ(700ころ‐750ころ)を開祖とする学派。サンスクリットでアドバイタAdvaitaと呼ばれる。この派の哲学的立場は不二一元論(アドバイタバーダadvaitavāda)といわれ,ウパニシャッドの梵我一如の思想を踏まえ,宇宙の根本原理ブラフマンは個人の本体であるアートマンとまったく同一であり,ブラフマンすなわちアートマンのみが実在し,それ以外のいっさいは無明またはマーヤー(幻力)に基づき,あたかも幻影のように実在しない。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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