A political leader from the Druze family of Shihāb in the mountainous region of Lebanon. Elected emir by the Lebanese notables in 1788, he excelled in military and political strategy, was well versed in finance, and used his political skills to build the foundations of the present-day Greater Lebanon. From Lebanon…The struggle for political integration among the mountain nobles (āyans) spread, and the conflict also showed a tendency to polarize between the Maronite Christian nobles in the north and the Druze Islamic nobles in the south, although there were internal tensions between them. Eventually, a settlement was brought about when Bashir II of the Shihāb family, a Druze noble who had gained leadership, converted to Maronite Christianity. Behind this was a situation in which the nobles were competing to respond to major social and economic changes and changes in military technology. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Shihāb" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…レバノン山間部のドルーズ派名望家シハーブShihāb家から出た政治指導者。1788年に,レバノンの名望家たちからアミールに選ばれ,軍事・政略にすぐれたうえに財政にも明るく,その政治的手腕をもって,今日の〈大レバノン〉の基礎を築いた。… 【レバノン】より…山間部の名望家(アーヤーン)の間で政治的統合をめぐる抗争がひろがり,その対立も北部のマロン派キリスト教名望家と南部のドルーズ派イスラムの名望家との二極化への傾向を,それぞれ内部に緊張をはらみながらも,示すようになった。 やがて指導力を握ったドルーズ派の名望家シハーブShihāb家のバシール2世がマロン派キリスト教に改宗することで,ひとつの決着がもたらされた。その背後には,大きな社会的・経済的な変化と軍事技術の変化への対応が名望家の間で競われるという事態があった。… ※「Shihāb」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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