It is a crime of usurping the real property of others, punishable by imprisonment of up to 10 years (Article 235-2 of the Penal Code). There was debate as to whether real property, i.e. land and its fixtures (such as buildings), could be considered "other people's property" under Article 235 of the Penal Code, but since there were many cases of illegally occupying land during the chaotic period immediately after World War II, this crime was created as a preventative measure. Since land includes not only the ground but also the space above and below it, projecting the second floor of one's house into the space of an adjacent property would also be considered a crime. In addition, "usurpation" requires the removal of possession of another person's real property and the establishment of a new de facto control by oneself or a third party. Therefore, this crime does not apply in cases where real property under the name of another person is merely transferred to one's own or a third party's name (when legal possession is acquired) or when a tenant continues to stay on the property after the lease period has expired, ignoring the owner's request to vacate. [Tetsuro Nawa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
他人の不動産を侵奪する罪で、10年以下の懲役に処せられる(刑法235条の二)。不動産、すなわち土地およびその定着物(建物など)が刑法第235条のいう「他人の財物」にあたりうるかが争われていたが、第二次世界大戦直後の混乱期に土地などを不法に占拠するケースが頻発したため、その防止策として本罪が新設された。不動産のうち、土地は地面のみならずその地上および地下の空間をも含むから、隣接地の空間に自宅の二階部分を張り出させる場合も本罪にあたる。また、「侵奪」とは、他人の不動産に対しその占有を排除して、自己または第三者の事実的支配を新たに設定することを要する。したがって、他人名義の不動産をかってに自己または第三者の名義に変更するにすぎない場合(法律上の占有を取得する場合)や、賃貸期間満了後、賃借人が所有者からの立ち退き請求を無視して引き続き居座る場合などは本罪にあたらない。 [名和鐵郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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