Disproportionation - Fukimuka

Japanese: 不均化 - フキンカ
Disproportionation - Fukimuka

A reaction in which two or more molecules of one type of substance react to produce two or more different substances. The reaction of two molecules of toluene using a zeolite catalyst to produce benzene and xylene is an industrially important example, known as the Tatoray process.

In addition to the disproportionation reactions of stable molecules, examples of disproportionation of inorganic salts accompanied by oxidation-reduction of metal ions

2MoCl4MoCl3 + MoCl5

Reactions in which unstable substances such as free radicals are disproportionated are also known.

2C 2 H 5 → C 2 H 4 + C 2 H 6

In addition to the Tatoray process, industrial examples include the disproportionation of potassium benzoate by the Second Henkel process (the process for producing terephthalic acid) and the disproportionation of propene by the triolefin process (metathesis).

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

1種類の物質が2分子以上反応して,2種類以上の別な物質にかわる反応をいう.2分子のトルエンから,ゼオライト触媒でベンゼンとキシレンを生じる反応は,タトレー法などとして知られている工業的に重要な例である.

安定な分子の不均化反応のほか,無機塩が金属イオンの酸化還元を伴って不均化する例

2MoCl4 → MoCl3 + MoCl5

や,遊離基などの不安定物質が不均化する反応も知られている.

2C2H5 → C2H4 + C2H6

工業的な例としては,タトレー法のほかに第二ヘンケル法による安息香酸カリウムの不均化(テレフタル酸製造法),トリオレフィン法によるプロペンの不均化(メタセシス)などがある.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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