The official name of the treaty is "International Convention on the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean." It was signed by Japan, the United States, and Canada on May 9, 1952, and came into force on June 12, 1953. It is also commonly known as the Japan-Canada Fisheries Treaty, named after the names of the parties. In order to protect fishing resources under the principle of freedom of fishing in the high seas, it stipulates regulations for each country, joint research by a committee, and recommendations, and further introduces the principle that countries that have not actually caught a certain fish species should voluntarily refrain from catching that species. Because the United States feared the advancement of Japanese fishing, Article 9 of the Peace Treaty with Japan after World War II stipulates that Japan has an obligation to negotiate a fisheries conservation treaty, and this treaty was concluded based on this. In 1978, the entire text was revised by the "Protocol amending the International Convention on the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean" between the three countries. As regulations became stronger each year, the treaty was abolished in 1992 when the Treaty on the Conservation of North Pacific Salmon and Trout was concluded among four countries, including Russia. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
正式には「北太平洋の公海漁業に関する国際条約」という。 1952年5月9日,日本,アメリカ,カナダ3国によって調印され,53年6月 12日に発効した,北太平洋における漁業規制と資源保護に関する条約。当事国名を冠して日米加漁業条約とも通称される。公海における漁業自由の原則のもとで漁業資源を保護するため,各国の規制,委員会による共同研究,勧告などについて規定し,さらに特に一定の魚種について実質的漁獲を行なったことのない国は,その魚種の漁獲を自発的に抑止する原則を導入した。アメリカが日本漁業の進出をおそれたために,第2次世界大戦後の日本との平和条約9条は日本の漁業保存条約交渉義務を規定し,これに基づいてこの条約が締結された。 78年同3国間の「北太平洋の公海漁業に関する国際条約を改定する議定書」によって,全文を改定。規制が年々強化されるなか,92年には「北太平洋サケ・マス保存条約」がロシアを加えた4ヵ国間で締結されたのに伴い,廃止された。
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>>: International North Pacific Fisheries Commission (INPFC)
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