Also called a photon or light quantum. Matter absorbs or emits light (electromagnetic waves) as a packet of energy. The size of this energy packet is determined by the frequency ν of the electromagnetic wave, and can be written as h ν, where h is the Planck constant. Since the size of this packet does not depend on the material it is with, it must be seen as an inherent property of light, not a result of the mechanism of interaction with matter. This packet also has a momentum of magnitude h ν/ c and a rotational angular momentum (spin) of h /2π ( c is the speed of light). G.N. Lewis named this packet of light energy and momentum the photon in 1926. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
光子,光量子ともいう。物質は光(電磁波)をエネルギーの塊として吸収し,あるいは放出する。そのエネルギー塊の大きさは電磁波の振動数νで決まり,プランク定数をhとしてhνと書ける。この塊の大きさは相手の物質によらないから,これは物質との相互作用の機構によるものではなく,光の本性とみなければならない。この塊は,また大きさhν/cの運動量とh/2πの自転角運動量(スピン)をもつ(cは光の速さ)。光のエネルギーと運動量のこの塊をフォトンと命名したのはG.N.ルイスで1926年のことであった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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