Scissors - Scissors (English spelling) chela

Japanese: はさみ(鋏) - はさみ(英語表記)chela
Scissors - Scissors (English spelling) chela
Zoological term. A structure typically found in some arthropod appendages, formed by modification of the distal and proximal segments. The distal segment becomes a movable finger, and the distal end of the proximal segment interlocks with an extended, blade-like immovable finger, and the inner edges of the fingers often have tooth-like projections. The first walking leg (cheliped) of crabs and crayfish and the second leg (pedipalp) of scorpions often form particularly powerful pincers.

Scissors [Scissors]

A tool that cuts things by grinding two opposing blades together. It uses the principle of a lever and can be classified into three types depending on the location of the fulcrum: (1) The original fulcrum type, which is U-shaped and has a spring at the base as the fulcrum. These are called Japanese scissors or grip scissors and are used for fine work such as cutting threads. (2) The intermediate fulcrum type, in which the two blades are joined by a screw halfway between the handle and the blade. Examples include cloth cutting scissors, barber scissors, and Western scissors. The balance of the blade and handle can be adjusted according to the purpose; gardening scissors have a long handle for stronger cutting power, while dressmaking scissors have a long blade to increase the cutting distance.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
動物学用語。典型的には節足動物の一部の付属肢に見られる構造で,その末端節と次節が変形して形成される。末端節は可動指となり,次節の末端部が伸長した刀状の不動指との間でかみ合うようになっているもので,両指の対面する内縁には歯状の突起を備えていることが多い。カニ類,ザリガニ類の第1歩脚(鉗脚(かんきやく)cheliped)やサソリ類の第2肢(脚鬚(きやくしゆ)pedipalp)は,とくに強大なはさみを形成することが多い。

はさみ【はさみ(鋏)】

相対する2枚の刃のすり合せにより,ものをはさみ切る道具。てこの原理を用いており,支点の位置により次の3種類に分類できる。(1)形態がU字状で腰のばねが支点になっている元支点型。和ばさみ,握りばさみと称され,糸切り等の細かな作業に用いられる。(2)2枚の刃を柄と刃の中間でねじにより組み合わせた中間支点型。ラシャ切りばさみ,理髪ばさみ,洋ばさみ等がある。刃と柄のバランスが用途に応じて対応でき,園芸ばさみは切断する力を強くするために柄を長くするが,裁ちばさみは切断距離を長くするために刃を長くする。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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