[Born] 252 BCE. Megalopolis Died 182 BC. A Messenician Greek soldier and politician. After spending 11 years as a mercenary captain in Crete, he defeated the Aetolians as a cavalry commander for the Achaean League in 210/9 BC, and became a general in the Achaean League in 208/7 BC. He introduced Macedonian equipment and phalanx tactics to the League's army, crushed the Spartan army under Macanidas at Mantinea in 207 BC, and defeated Nabis of Sparta in 206/5 and 201/0 BC. He became a general again in 193/2 BC, attacked Sparta, and after Nabis's assassination, annexed Sparta to the Achaean League. He later became a political leader of the League, but was captured and poisoned during a Messenian revolt. A great soldier and patriot, he was described as "the last Greek." Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]前252頃.メガロポリス [没]前182. メッセニア 古代ギリシアの軍人,政治家。傭兵隊長として 11年間をクレタ島で過したのち,前 210/9年アカイア連盟の騎兵隊長としてアイトリア人を撃破,前 208/7年アカイア連盟の将軍となり,連盟軍にマケドニア式装備と密集隊戦術を導入し,前 207年マンチネイアでマカニダス指揮下のスパルタ軍を粉砕し,前 206/5,前 201/0年にもスパルタのナビスを撃退。前 193/2年に再び将軍となり,スパルタを攻撃し,ナビスが暗殺されてのち,スパルタをアカイア連盟に併合。その後,連盟の政治指導者となったが,メッセニアの反乱の際捕えられ,毒殺された。偉大な軍人,愛国者であった彼は「最後のギリシア人」と評された。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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