Ezogashima Island

Japanese: 夷島 - えぞがしま
Ezogashima Island

…The boundaries of fishing grounds were determined in five basic ways: (1) by using islands or rocks or other landmarks in the sea as boundaries, (2) by measuring the area of ​​the water surface or the distance from land, (3) by using landmarks on land such as mountains or prospects, (4) by using a sea route (a sea route passing offshore) as a boundary, and (5) by using the center of a lake or bay as a boundary. In response to these various boundaries, how were the boundaries of Japan's land and territory perceived? As seen in the Myohonjihon Soga Monogatari, the four limits of Japan were considered to be Kumano in the south, Sado Island in the north, Akuru, Tsugaru, and Heso Island (Ezo Island = Hokkaido) in the east, and Kikai, Koryo, and Io Island in the west. Of course, this was merely conceptual, and the military and police powers of the Kamakura Shogunate never extended to Koryo (Korea). …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Ebisu Island" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…(1)海中の島や岩などの目標物を境として漁場の範囲を示す場合,(2)水面の面積や陸からの距離の計測による場合,(3)いわゆる〈山アテ〉や〈見通し〉のように陸上の目標物によって境界線を定める場合,(4)海路(うなじ)(沖合を通る航路)を境界線とする場合,(5)湖とか湾の真ん中を境とする場合,の五つの基本的な方法によって漁場の境が決められたようである。 以上のようなさまざまな境に対して,日本の国土・領域の境界はどのように意識されていたのかといえば,《妙本寺本曾我物語》などにみられるように,日本国の〈四至〉は,南限は熊野,北限は佐渡嶋,東限はアクル・津軽・蛮(へそ)嶋(夷島(えぞがしま)=北海道),西限は鬼界・高麗・硫黄嶋であると観念されていた。これはもちろん観念上のことであり,鎌倉幕府の軍事・警察権が高麗(朝鮮)にまで及んでいたわけではけっしてない。…

※「夷島」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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