Field, Sally

Japanese: フィールド（英語表記）Field, Sally
Field, Sally
Born November 6, 1946 in Pasadena, California. American actress. After gaining popularity in the TV dramas Gidget (1965-66) and The Flying Nun (1967-70), she studied at the Actors Studio from 1973 to 1975, and transformed into a professional actress. After winning an Emmy Award for her lead role in the TV drama Sybil in 1977, she was given major roles in Hollywood films, winning an Academy Award for Best Actress for Norma Rae (1979). She won a second Academy Award for Best Actress for Places in the Heart (1984). She subsequently appeared in Steel Magnolias (1989), Soapdish (1991), Mrs. Doubtfire (1993), Forrest Gump (1994), Two Weeks (2006), and Lincoln (2012). She also starred in the television series ER from 2000 to 2006 as the mother of the lead character, and Brothers & Sisters from 2006 to 2011 as the mother, both of which were highly praised and won her an Emmy Award.

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Field, Eugene

Born: September 2, 1850 in St. Louis
[Died] November 4, 1895, Chicago American journalist and poet. One of America's first columnists. Also known as a poet for children. After dropping out of the University of Missouri, he worked for several newspapers, and in 1883 he became a columnist for the Chicago Daily News, where he became famous for his humorous sketches and poems. His representative works include A Little Book of Western Verse (1889), With Trumpet and Drum (92), and Love Songs of Children (94).

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Field, Marshall

Born: August 18, 1834, Conway, Massachusetts
[Died] January 16, 1906. New York. American businessman. Chicago department store magnate. Born into a farming family, he started out as a runner for a general store at the age of 16. He moved to Chicago and partnered with a store manager, and in 1881 began operating a department store on his own. He was a huge success, emphasizing customer service, credit, and single prices, and opening a department store cafeteria for shoppers. He donated part of his $125 million inheritance to the University of Chicago and the Columbian Museum, the latter of which was renamed the Field Museum of Natural History.

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Field, Cyrus West

Born November 30, 1819 in Stockbridge, Massachusetts.
[Died] July 12, 1892. New York. American businessman. Layman of the transatlantic telegraph cable. He began planning the laying of the cable in 1854, and was instrumental in establishing the Atlantic Telegraph Company in 1856. After several failed attempts from 1857 onwards, he succeeded in laying an undersea cable between New York and London in July 1866. He later managed the New York Elevated Railway Company and the Wabash Railroad Company, and became the owner of the New York newspaper, the Mail and Express.

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Field, Stephen Johnson

Born November 4, 1816 in Haddam, Connecticut
[Died] April 9, 1899, Washington, DC
American jurist. He served as the longest serving justice on the U.S. Supreme Court from 1863 to 1897. He interpreted the 14th Amendment to the Constitution as prohibiting federal government regulation of private business activities. He provided legal support for the rapid growth of large corporations after the Civil War. This interpretation was common from the 1890s to the 1930s. He also defended the civil rights of Chinese people in California, who were discriminated against in the 1880s.

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Field, John

Born: July 26, 1782 in Dublin
[Died] January 23, 1837, Moscow Irish pianist and composer. He studied under Clementi in London, toured France, Germany, and Russia with his teacher, and settled in Russia in 1803. Known as a pianist and piano teacher, he composed sonatas, concertos, and 20 nocturnes, which were pioneering works for Chopin.

field
Field, Nathan(iel)

Born: October 17, 1587. Baptized: London
[Died]1619?
A famous English Elizabethan actor. Appeared in works by Shakespeare, B. Johnson, and others. Wrote two comedies, and collaborated with P. Massinger on The Fatal Dowry (1616, performed in 1619, published in 1632).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1946.11.6. カリフォルニア，パサディナ
アメリカ合衆国の女優。テレビドラマの『ギジェットは 15歳』Gidget（1965～66）や『いたずら天使』The Flying Nun（1967～70）でアイドル的人気を得たあと，1973～75年にアクターズ・スタジオで学び，本格派女優へと脱皮した。1977年にテレビドラマ『シビル』Sybilに主演してエミー賞を受賞するとハリウッド映画でも大役を与えられるようになり，『ノーマ・レイ』Norma Rae（1979）でアカデミー賞主演女優賞を獲得。『プレイス・イン・ザ・ハート』Places in the Heart（1984）で 2度目のアカデミー賞主演女優賞をとった。その後『マグノリアの花たち』Steel Magnolias（1989），『ソープディッシュ』Soapdish（1991），『ミセス・ダウト』Mrs. Doubtfire（1993），『フォレスト・ガンプ／一期一会』Forrest Gump（1994），『ラスト・トゥー・ウィークス』Two Weeks（2006），『リンカーン』Lincoln（2012）などに出演した。テレビドラマは 2000～06年『ER 緊急救命室』ERに主役の母親役として出演，2006～11年の『ブラザーズ＆シスターズ』Brothers & Sistersも母親役で主演し，いずれの演技も高く評価され，エミー賞を受賞した。

フィールド
Field， Eugene

[生]1850.9.2. セントルイス
[没]1895.11.4. シカゴ
アメリカのジャーナリスト，詩人。アメリカ最初のコラムニストの一人。また子供のための詩人としても知られる。ミズーリ大学中退後，いくつもの新聞社に勤めたのち，1883年から『シカゴ・デーリー・ニューズ』のコラムを担当，ユーモラスなスケッチや詩を発表して有名になった。代表作『西部小詩選』A Little Book of Western Verse (1889) ，『トランペットとドラムで』 With Trumpet and Drum (92) ，『子供たちの愛の歌』 Love Songs of Children (94) 。

フィールド
Field， Marshall

[生]1834.8.18. マサチューセッツ，コンウェー
[没]1906.1.16. ニューヨーク
アメリカの実業家。シカゴのデパート王。農家に生れ，16歳で雑貨店の走り使いから出発。シカゴに出て共同で商店経営にあたり，1881年単独で百貨店経営を開始。顧客サービスとクレジット，単一価格などを強調し，また買物客のためのデパート食堂を開設して大成功した。遺産1億 2500万ドルの一部はシカゴ大学とコロンビア博物館に寄贈され，後者はフィールド自然史博物館と改称された。

フィールド
Field， Cyrus West

[生]1819.11.30. マサチューセッツ，ストックブリッジ
[没]1892.7.12. ニューヨーク
アメリカの実業家。大西洋横断電信ケーブルの敷設者。 1854年敷設計画を開始し，56年大西洋電信会社の設立に尽力。 57年から数回の失敗を繰返し，66年7月ニューヨーク－ロンドン間の海底ケーブルの敷設に成功した。その後ニューヨーク高架鉄道会社，ウォバッシュ鉄道会社の経営にあたり，ニューヨークの新聞『メイル・アンド・エクスプレス』の所有主になった。

フィールド
Field， Stephen Johnson

[生]1816.11.4. コネティカット，ハダム
[没]1899.4.9. ワシントンD.C.
アメリカの法律家。 1863～97年連邦最高裁判所判事として最長の任期をつとめ，憲法修正第 14条を私的企業活動に対する連邦政府の規制を禁じるものと解釈。南北戦争後の大企業の急激な発展を法的に援護した。その解釈は 90年代から 1930年代まで一般に行われた。また 1880年代カリフォルニアで差別された中国人の市民権を擁護した。

フィールド
Field， John

[生]1782.7.26. ダブリン
[没]1837.1.23. モスクワ
アイルランドのピアニスト，作曲家。ロンドンでクレメンティに師事，師とともにフランス，ドイツ，ロシアを演奏旅行し，1803年よりロシアに定住。ピアニスト，ピアノ教師として知られ，ソナタ，協奏曲のほか 20曲のノクターンはショパンの先駆的作品。

フィールド
Field， Nathan(iel)

[生]1587.10.17. 〈洗礼〉ロンドン
[没]1619?
イギリス，エリザベス朝の名優。シェークスピア，B.ジョンソンなどの作品に出演。喜劇2編を書き，P.マッシンジャーと『宿命の持参金』 The Fatal Dowry (1616，1619上演，1632出版) を共作。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について　情報

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