The largest general electronics manufacturer in Europe, based in the Netherlands. It was founded in 1891 by Frederick and Gerald Phillips as a light bulb manufacturer called Philips & Company. Later, Gerald's younger brother Anton also joined the company, and the company was reorganized in 1912 to become the current company. In 1925, the company developed an X-ray device and entered the medical equipment and pharmaceutical fields. In 1927, the company developed a radio receiver. In the 1930s, the company expanded into gas-filled light bulbs, phonographs, and talkie projectors (→talkies). During this time, the company actively expanded internationally, establishing overseas subsidiaries one after another. After World War II, the company expanded into fluorescent lamps and televisions, dominating the markets in European countries and expanding its sales activities to almost the entire world. In 1971, the company announced the world's first video cassette recorder, but market expansion was delayed and the company was left behind by Japanese companies. The video disc that was introduced next did not sell well, but the compact disc (CD), which was developed together with Sony, swept the global audio equipment market. The company's business consists of the lighting division, which sells general and industrial lighting and automotive lamps, the home appliance division, which sells personal communication devices such as mobile phones, and the medical division, which focuses on X-ray equipment. The automotive equipment division was sold in 1998, and the audio/video equipment division and semiconductor division were sold in 2006. Philips |
オランダを本拠とするヨーロッパ最大の総合電機メーカー。1891年にフレデリック・フィリップス,ジェラルド・フィリップス父子が設立した電球製造会社フィリップス・アンド・カンパニーが前身で,のちにジェラルドの弟アントンも経営に参加,1912年改組して現社が設立された。1925年 X線装置を開発して医療機器,医薬品分野へ進出,1927年ラジオ受信機を開発,1930年代にはガス入り電球,蓄音機,トーキー映写機(→トーキー)に進出。この間積極的に国際展開し海外子会社を次々に設立。第2次世界大戦後はケイ光ランプ,テレビなどにも進出し,ヨーロッパ各国の市場を占有,その営業活動はほぼ全世界に及ぶ。1971年に世界初のビデオカセットレコーダを発表したが,市場展開が遅れ,日本企業の後塵を拝した。次いで投入したビデオディスクもふるわなかったが,ソニーとともに開発したコンパクトディスク CDは世界の音響機器市場を席捲した。事業内容は,一般・産業用照明および自動車用ランプの照明部門,携帯電話などパーソナル通信機器を含む家電部門,および X線撮影装置を主力とする医療部門からなる。自動車用設備部門は 1998年に,オーディオ・ビデオなどの音響機器部門と半導体部門は 2006年に売却。
フィリップス
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