Mandatory Laws and Optional Laws - Mandatory Laws and Optional Laws

Japanese: 強行法規･任意法規 - きょうこうほうきにんいほうき

When the legal effects of a certain provision occur regardless of the will of the parties, that provision is called a mandatory provision, and conversely, when its legal effects can be eliminated by the will of the parties, that provision is called a discretionary provision. These are also called mandatory provisions and discretionary provisions, respectively. Generally, provisions that relate to the public order are mandatory provisions, and those that do not are considered discretionary provisions (Civil Code Article 91). Therefore, most provisions of public law are mandatory provisions. However, provisions of private law can be both mandatory and discretionary.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ある法規の定める法的効果が当事者の意思にかかわらず発生する場合その法規を強行法規といい，逆に，その法的効果が当事者の意思によって排除されうる場合，その法規を任意法規という。それぞれ強行規定，任意規定ともいう。一般に，公の秩序に関する規定は強行法規であり，そうでないものが任意法規とされる(民法91条)。したがって，公法の規定のほとんどは強行法規である。しかし，私法の規定には強行法規もあれば任意法規もある。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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