VHF omni-directional radio range is a ground radio beacon station that uses VHF radio waves to aid aircraft navigation, and generally operates in the 108.0 to 117.975 MHz frequency band. A VOR station transmits a reference phase signal with a constant phase in all directions and a variable phase signal that delays in phase as the direction changes clockwise from the VOR station. The aircraft's magnetic direction from the VOR station can be determined by measuring the phase difference between the two signals received by a receiver on board the aircraft. VORs use VHF waves, so they are less affected by atmospheric interference and can accurately indicate flight courses, so many IFR routes, such as various air routes, departure and arrival routes, and VOR approach procedures, are set by VORs. The effective range of a VOR is limited to altitudes above line of sight. The effective reach also varies depending on the altitude of the aircraft. There are relatively low-power VORs for airports and high-power VORs for air routes. VORs are more accurate than NDBs (non-directional radio beacons), and are currently the mainstream type of radio beacon used to define air routes. [Kyoki Aoki and Shinichiro Nakamura] [Reference items] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
VHF omni-directional radio rangeの略称で、超短波全方向式無線標識施設のこと。VHF波の電波を利用して航空機の航行を援助する地上無線標識局で、原則として周波数帯108.0~117.975メガヘルツである。VOR局からは、全方向に位相が一定な基準位相信号と、方位がVOR局を中心に時計方向に変わるにつれて位相が遅れる可変位相信号が発射されており、航空機上の受信機でこれを受信し、二つの信号の位相差を測定することによってVOR局からの航空機の磁方位を知ることができる。VORはVHF波を利用しているため空電の影響が少なく、飛行コースを正確に指示することができるので、各種の航空路、出発・到着経路、VOR進入方式など、多くの計器飛行方式による経路がVORによって設定されている。VORの有効範囲は、見通し線(line of sight)以上の高度に制約される。また、有効到達距離は航空機の高度に応じて変化する。比較的出力の小さい空港用と出力の大きい航空路用とがある。VORはNDB(無指向性無線標識施設)より精度がよいため、現在では航空路を構成する無線標識の主流となっている。 [青木享起・仲村宸一郎] [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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