The abbreviation for The Voice of America, an international broadcasting organization run by the U.S. government. VOA is managed by the Broadcasting Board of Governors, which was established in 1999, and broadcasts news and programs to the world in 44 languages via radio, television and the Internet. VOA's aim is to spread American society to the world through broadcasting, and its programs cover a wide range of topics, including music, information, news, history and culture. As of 2010, it is estimated that it broadcasts 1,500 hours a week, with an audience of 123 million. VOA's first broadcast was on February 1, 1942, during World War II. It began with an announcement in German: "There is good news and bad news. But we always tell the truth." VOA's supervisory body changed from the Office of War Information during the war to the Department of State in 1946, and then to the United States Information Agency (USIA) which separated from the State Department in 1953. When the USIA was abolished in 1999, the Board of Governors was established, and VOA came under its control. The Board of Governors is made up of the Secretary of State and eight private experts appointed by the President and approved by the Senate. VOA's annual budget is $280.8 million and it has 1,204 employees. Its headquarters is in Washington, DC. [Mukogo Hideki] “D. KruglerThe Voice of America (2000, University of Missouri Press)” ▽ “A. HeilVoice of America (2003, Columbia University Press)” Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカ政府が運営する国際放送機関The Voice of Americaの略称。VOAは1999年に設置された放送経営委員会の管理のもと、ラジオ、テレビ、インターネットを通じ、44言語を使い、ニュースや番組を世界に向け発信している。VOAは放送を通じアメリカ社会を世界に伝えることを目的としており、番組は音楽、情報、報道、歴史、教養など多岐にわたる。2010年時点で、放送時間数は週1500時間、視聴者数は1億2300万人と推定されている。 VOAの初放送は第二次世界大戦中の1942年2月1日。ドイツ語で「ニュースにはいいニュースもあれば悪いニュースもあります。しかしわれわれはつねに真実を伝えていきます」というアナウンスで始まった。VOAの監督機関は、大戦中の戦時情報局から、戦後は1946年から国務省、さらに1953年からは国務省から分離独立したアメリカ情報庁(USIA)へと変わり、1999年のUSIA廃止に伴って放送経営委員会が設立され、VOAはその管理のもとに置かれるようになった。放送経営委員会は、大統領が指名し連邦議会上院の承認を得て任命される民間の8名の有識者と国務長官で構成されている。VOAの年間予算は2億8080万ドル、職員数1204人。本部はワシントン市にある。 [向後英紀] 『D. KruglerThe Voice of America (2000, University of Missouri Press)』▽『A. HeilVoice of America (2003, Columbia University Press)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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