Kinkoryu

The name of a shakuhachi school. Its founder was Kurosawa Kinko (1710-71). The Kinko name died out after the fourth generation, so there is no head family after that and it has been divided into many branch schools. It is one of the two major schools along with the Tozan school. The Kurosawa family was a family that served as fukiawase (shakuhachi instructors) at the two main temples of the Fuke sect (Ichigatsu-ji and Reiho-ji), and prospered for three generations, mainly in Edo. However, the fourth generation (the younger brother of the third generation) did not excel in skill, so the third generation's disciple Hisamatsu Fuyo took over the art as the de facto head of the school. The tradition that was passed down from the first master's disciple Miyaji Ikkan through Ikeda Kazue, Yamada Nyodo, Toyoda Kodo, and Araki Kodo was called the Ikkan school, but Araki also studied under Hisamatsu, and the school was essentially reunited and continues to this day. The name Kinko-ryu appeared in the late 18th century, but it was not commonly used until the abolition of the Fuke sect at the beginning of the Meiji era (1871). Since the first Kinko, the school has had a large repertoire of 36 traditional honkyoku pieces, as well as sankyoku shakuhachi (outer music) pieces that were established after the abolition of the sect. It is characterized by the dotted notation method devised by Uehara Rokushiro and popularized by the first master Kawase Junsuke, and the honkyoku playing method that makes extensive use of curvilinear ornamentation.

[Tsukikawa Tsuneko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

尺八の流派名。初世黒沢琴古（1710―71）を祖とする。琴古の名は4世で途絶したため、以後宗家はなく、多くの分派家元に分かれている。都山(とざん)流と並ぶ二大流派の一つ。黒沢家は、普化宗(ふけしゅう)両本山（一月寺(いちがつじ)と鈴法寺(れいほうじ)）の吹合(ふきあわせ)（尺八指南役）を務めた家柄で、江戸を中心に親子三代にわたり繁栄したが、4世（3世の弟）は技量優れず、3世の高弟久松風陽(ふうよう)が実質的家元として芸を継承した。初世の門弟宮地一閑(いっかん)から、池田一枝―山田如童―豊田古童―荒木古童と伝わる流れを一閑流とよんだが、荒木は久松にも師事し、事実上再統一され、現在に至る。なお琴古流の名称は18世紀後半に現れるが、一般に使われるようになったのは明治初めの普化宗廃止（1871）以後である。初世琴古以来、伝来の本曲(ほんきょく)36曲を軸に、廃宗後確立された三曲尺八（外曲(がいきょく)）に多数のレパートリーをもつ。上原六四郎が考案し初世川瀬順輔(じゅんすけ)が普及させた点符式記譜法や、曲線的な装飾を多用した本曲奏法などが特徴である。

［月溪恒子］

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