Abu'l-'Abbās Amad ibn Muammad ibn Kathir al-Farghāin

Japanese: ファルガーニー - ふぁるがーにー(英語表記)Abu'l-‘Abbās Amad ibn Muammad ibn Kathīr al-Farghāīn
Abu'l-'Abbās Amad ibn Muammad ibn Kathir al-Farghāin

Date of birth and death unknown. Islamic astronomer born in Fergana. Latin name Alfraganus. He was active during the reign of the seventh Abbasid caliph, Ma'mun (reigned 813-833), and was still alive in 861. His works include Kitāb fi arakāt al-samāwīya wa-jawāi' 'ilm al-majūm (Book of the Motions of the Celestial Bodies and of the Complete Astrology). This book was translated into Latin in the 12th century and had a great influence on European astronomy before Regiomontanus. He recognized K. Ptolemy and described how to make an astrolabe. He also determined the diameter of the Earth to be about 1046.5 km, and the maximum distance and diameter of each planet. In 861, he supervised the construction of the water level of the Nile at Fustat.

[Hirata Hiroshi]

[References] | Astrolabe | Ptolemy | Regiomontanus

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年不詳。フェルガナ生まれのイスラムの天文学者。ラテン名はアルフラガヌスAlfraganus。アッバース朝第7代カリフのマームーンal-Ma'mūn(在位813~833)のころに活躍し、861年にはまだ生存していた。著書には『天体の運動と完全な星学との書』Kitāb fī arakāt al-samāwīya wa-jawāi‘ ‘ilm al-majūmがある。この書は12世紀にラテン語に翻訳され、レギオモンタヌス以前のヨーロッパ天文学に大きな影響を及ぼした。彼はK・プトレマイオスを認め、アストロラーベの作り方も述べている。また地球の直径を約1046.5キロメートルとし、各惑星の最大距離や直径を決定した。861年にはフスタートでナイル川の水位標の建設を監督した。

[平田 寛]

[参照項目] | アストロラーベ | プトレマイオス | レギオモンタヌス

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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