Ferguson

Japanese: ファーガソン（英語表記）Ferguson

A city in eastern Missouri, central United States. A suburban residential area in northwest St. Louis. The town's origins date back to 1885, when farmer William B. Ferguson transferred his land to the North Missouri Railroad. Ferguson demanded that a railroad station be built as a condition of the transfer, and sold the surrounding land to settlers, which led to the development of residential and commercial areas. The area further developed when commuter trains and streetcars began operating at the end of the 19th century. Incorporated as a city in 1894. It continued to grow steadily into the 20th century and beyond, experiencing significant economic and population growth after World War II. In 1954, it became a charter city with self-governing authority and adopted a city manager system of government. It is home to the headquarters of Emerson Electric, a major manufacturing technology company, and the campus of St. Louis Community College. It has access to several interstate highways. In August 2014, an unarmed African-American boy was shot and killed by a white police officer. This incident, which sparked tensions between the majority of the population, African-Americans, and the city government and police, most of whom are white, led to several days of riots and protests, attracting attention not only from across the United States but also from around the world. When it was announced in November 2014 that the police officers would not be charged, new riots broke out in the city and protests broke out in other cities across the United States. Population: 21,203 (2010).

Ferguson
Ferguson, Robert

Born: about 1637, Aberdeenshire
Died 1714. A clergyman in London, Scotland. He was nicknamed "Plotter the Conspirator." He was a Presbyterian and was expelled from his clergy in Kent in 1662. He became a radical Whig in the final years of Charles II's reign, and fled to the Netherlands after his involvement in the Rye House Affair. He gained the favor of the Duke of Monmouth and encouraged rebellion. In 1685, he joined the Duke of Monmouth's rebellion as a military chaplain, but was defeated and fled to the Netherlands again. He then served William of Orange (later William III), and in 1688 he joined William's invasion force and landed in England. However, he was disliked for demanding excessive rewards, so he turned to Jacobite and wrote The History of the Revolution in 1706, claiming that the revolution was a conspiracy by the Vatican (the Pope), and was involved in various anti-government conspiracies.

Ferguson
Ferguson, Adam

Born 20 June 1723, Lawgilate, Perthshire
[Died] February 22, 1816, St. Andrews. British philosopher and historian. After graduating from the University of St. Andrews, he became a clergyman and later served as professor of natural philosophy (1759-64) and professor of theology and moral philosophy (1764-85) at the University of Edinburgh. He was a member of the Edinburgh School. His main work was An Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

アメリカ合衆国中部，ミズーリ州東部の都市。セントルイス北西部の郊外住宅地域。1885年に農場主ウィリアム・B.ファーガソンが，土地をノース・ミズーリ鉄道に譲渡したことが町の起源。ファーガソンは譲渡の条件として鉄道駅をつくることを要求し，また周辺の土地を入植者に売却したことで住宅・商業地域が発達した。19世紀末に通勤列車と路面電車が運行を開始するとさらに発展。1894年市として法人化。20世紀以降も着実に成長し，第2次世界大戦後には大幅な経済成長と人口増を経験した。1954年には自治権をもつ憲章都市となり，シティ・マネージャー制の行政組織を採用。製造技術大手エマソン・エレクトリックの本社やセントルイス・コミュニティ・カレッジのキャンパスが所在する。複数の州間幹線道路にアクセス可能。2014年8月，丸腰のアフリカ系アメリカ人少年が白人の警察官に射殺された事件は，人口の大多数であるアフリカ系と，職員のほとんどを白人が占める市当局や警察との緊張関係を背景に，数日に及ぶ暴動と抗議活動に発展し，アメリカ全土のみならず世界の注目を集めた。同 2014年11月に警察官の不起訴が発表されると，市内で新たな暴動が発生したほか，アメリカ国内の別の都市でも抗議行動が起こった。人口 2万1203（2010）。

ファーガソン
Ferguson, Robert

[生]1637頃. アバディーンシャー
[没]1714. ロンドン
スコットランドの聖職者。「陰謀者」Plotterと通称される。長老派であったため，1662年ケントの聖職禄を追われ，チャールズ2世治世末期にはホイッグ党急進派になり，ライ・ハウス事件に関与してオランダに亡命。この地でモンマス公に取り入って叛意をあおり，1685年従軍牧師としてモンマス公の反乱に加わり，敗れて再度オランダに逃亡。次にオランニェ公ウィレム（のちのウィリアム3世）に仕え，1688年ウィレムの侵寇軍に加わってイングランドに上陸。しかし過大な褒賞を要求して嫌われたことから一転してジャコバイトになり，1706年『名誉革命史』The History of the Revolutionを著して革命はバチカン（教皇）の陰謀であったと主張したほか，各種の反政府陰謀にかかわった。

ファーガソン
Ferguson， Adam

[生]1723.6.20. パースシャー，ローギレイト
[没]1816.2.22. セントアンドルーズ
イギリスの哲学者，歴史学者。セントアンドルーズ大学卒業後，聖職者を経てエディンバラ大学の自然哲学教授 (1759～64) ，神学，道徳哲学教授 (64～85) をつとめた。エディンバラ学派の一人。主著『市民社会史』 An Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767)。

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