Born: October 5, 1808, Magdeburg [Died] January 22, 1871. New York. German socialist. As a tailor, he traveled around Germany, Austria, and Switzerland from 1828, participating in various uprisings. In 1835, he joined the League of the Just, a group of German refugees, in Paris, and played an active role as its leader. In 1846, he went to America. He returned to Europe after hearing of the rise of the March Revolution in 1848, and entered Germany via Paris, where he was active in various places, but he was pursued by the authorities and moved to New York in 1849. In 1851, he attempted to establish a communist colony in Iowa, but failed. His ideas were different from the scientific socialism of Marx and Engels, and had a strong utopian socialist character that sought to relieve the poverty of craftsmen. He wrote Garantien der Harmonie und Freiheit (1842), or Guarantees of Cooperation and Liberty. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1808.10.5. マクデブルク [没]1871.1.22. ニューヨーク ドイツの社会主義者。仕立職人として,1828年以来ドイツ,オーストリア,スイスの各地をめぐり,さまざまな蜂起に参加。 35年にはパリでドイツ人亡命者の「正義者同盟」に加わってその指導者として活躍。 46年にアメリカに渡った。 48年三月革命の高揚を聞くと再びヨーロッパに戻り,パリを経てドイツに入り,各地で活動したが,官憲の追及を受けて,49年ニューヨークに移住。 51年にアイオワ州で共産主義コロニーの建設を試みたが失敗した。彼の思想はマルクス,エンゲルスらの科学的社会主義とは異なり,手工業者の貧窮を救おうとする空想的社会主義的な性格が強かった。『協調と自由の保証』 Garantien der Harmonie und Freiheit (1842) の著書がある。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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