A polyhydric phenol. It stands for 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene. It is also commonly known as pyrogallic acid. It is found in plants in its natural form or in the form of a sugar-bound component of tannin. It is obtained by hydrolysis of tannic acid. It is a white needle-like crystal. It has a strong reducing effect, and its alkaline aqueous solution quickly absorbs and reacts with oxygen, turning dark brown, so it was once used to analyze oxygen in gases. It is also used as a detection reagent for antimony and bismuth. Its aqueous solution is blue in color due to its iron(III) salt. It dissolves to some extent in water, ethanol (ethyl alcohol), and ether, but is almost insoluble in benzene and petroleum hydrocarbons. It is toxic, so do not allow it to come into contact with the skin. [Tokumaru Katsumi] [Supplementary Material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
多価フェノールの一つ。1,2,3-トリヒドロキシベンゼンのこと。焦性没食子酸(しょうせいぼっしょくしさん/もっしょくしさん)という慣用名もある。天然にはそのままの形で、あるいはタンニンの成分として糖と結合した形で広く植物体に含まれる。タンニン酸の加水分解により得られる。白色の針状結晶。還元性が強く、そのアルカリ性水溶液は酸素を速やかに吸収して反応し暗褐色を呈するので、かつては気体中の酸素の分析のために利用した。アンチモンやビスマスの検出試薬としても利用される。水溶液は鉄(Ⅲ)塩で青色を示す。水、エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルなどにはある程度溶解するが、ベンゼンや石油系の炭化水素にはほとんど溶けない。毒性があるので、皮膚に触れさせないこと。 [徳丸克己] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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