White nights

Japanese: 白夜 - びゃくや
White nights

Also called midnight sun. Even when the sun is below the horizon, atmospheric molecules and dust can scatter the sun's light, creating a dim light on the earth's surface. This is the twilight that occurs before sunrise and after sunset. When the sun is up to 6 degrees below the horizon, normal activities can be carried out without much trouble even without lighting. From 6 degrees to 18 degrees, it gradually gets darker, but it does not feel like a true dark night. The duration of twilight is longer at higher latitudes and shorter at lower latitudes, longer in summer and shorter in winter. In high latitudes during the summer when twilight is longer, the time between the end of twilight after sunset and the start of twilight before sunrise is short or nonexistent, so there is almost no dark night and it becomes a midnight sun. The midnight sun can be considered a state in which the sun does not reach below 18 degrees below the horizon.

[Kazuo Hiratsuka]

[Reference] | Twilight

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

白夜(はくや)ともいう。太陽が地平線下にあるときでも、大気の分子やちりのために太陽の光が散乱されて、地表に薄明かりをもたらすことがある。日の出前や日没後におこる薄明(はくめい)がそれである。太陽が地平線下6度までの間は、照明がなくても普通の活動にそれほどの支障はない状態である。6度から18度までは、しだいに暗くなるが、真の闇夜(やみよ)という感じにはなりきらない。薄明の続く時間は、緯度が高いほど長く、緯度が低いほど短く、夏は長く、冬は短い。薄明が長くなる夏の期間の高緯度地方では、日没後の薄明の終了と、日の出前の薄明の開始との間が短いか、あるいはほとんどないため、闇夜がほとんどなくなって白夜となる。白夜は地平線下18度以下にまで太陽が達しない状態と考えてよい。

[平塚和夫]

[参照項目] | 薄明

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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