Kikai Caldera

Japanese: 鬼界カルデラ - きかいかるでら
Kikai Caldera

Iwo Jima (Kikaigashima), a caldera stretching from the northwest of Iwo Jima (Kikaigashima) in Kuchinomishima, Kagoshima Prefecture, with Takeshima as its northern edge, stretches 23 km east to west, 16 km north to south, and covers an area of ​​233 square kilometers. It is one of the large Aso-type calderas that stretch from central to southern Kyushu, proposed by geologist Matsumoto Tadaichi in 1943. It is estimated from the distribution of pyroclastic flow deposits that cover the bedrock of this area and the seafloor topography that it was formed when a mountain collapsed after a major eruption at the end of the Pleistocene Epoch. Within the caldera are Inamura-dake, Io-dake, and Shin-Iwo Jima, which was created in 1935.

[Akira Suwa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

鹿児島県口之三島(くちのみしま)の硫黄島(いおうじま)(鬼界ヶ島)北西部から竹島を北縁とする東西約23キロメートル、南北約16キロメートル、面積約233平方キロメートルのカルデラ。1943年(昭和18)に地質学者松本唯一(ただいち)が提唱した、九州中部~南部に連なる阿蘇型大カルデラ群(あそがただいかるでらぐん)の一つ。この地域の基盤岩を覆う火砕流堆積物(たいせきぶつ)の分布や、海底地形から推定したもので、更新世(洪積世)末期、大噴火後に山体が陥没してできたと考えられる。カルデラ内に稲村岳、硫黄岳、1935年誕生の新硫黄島がある。

[諏訪 彰]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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