A heavenly being wearing heavenly clothes and flying through the air. In contrast to the winged deities (such as Nike, the goddess of victory, and Cupid, the god of love) that originated in Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread to Greece and Rome, the East created flying celestial beings without wings. They are said to have originated in India. While the Western flying celestial beings were mainly depicted as nude, in other words, a Greek glorification of the body, the East, especially China, was interested in decorative heavenly clothes. This tendency became clear as the Chinese visual sense gradually spread from Dunhuang to Yungang and then to Mount Tenryu. In Japan, the flying celestial beings on the canopy of the Golden Hall of Horyuji Temple and the flying celestial beings on the gilt-bronze openwork banner at the Tokyo National Museum are both ancient flying celestial beings that follow this tradition. [Muramoto Yu] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
天衣(てんね)をまとい空中を飛行する天人。エジプトやメソポタミアに生まれ、ギリシア、ローマへと展開する有翼の神々(勝利の女神ニケや恋の神キューピッドなど)に対して、東洋では翼をもたない飛天が創造された。その発生の地はインドとされている。西方の飛天が、おもに裸体中心の表現、つまりギリシア的な肉体賛美にあったのに対して、東洋、ことに中国では、装飾的な天衣に関心が寄せられた。敦煌(とんこう)から雲崗(うんこう)、さらに天竜山へと、しだいに中国的な視覚が浸透していくにつれて、この傾向が明らかになる。日本では、法隆寺金堂天蓋(てんがい)の飛天、東京国立博物館の金銅透彫灌頂幡(すかしぼりかんじょうばん)の飛天などは、いずれもこの流れをくむ古式の飛天である。 [村元雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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