…Mammalian synapses are usually chemical synapses, where excitation is transmitted via chemical substances (chemical transmitters). Synaptic vesicles (30-60 nm in diameter) containing chemical transmitters are collected at the presynaptic element of a chemical synapse, i.e., the axon terminal, and the cell membrane of the axon terminal faces the cell membrane of the dendrite or cell body of the next neuron across a gap (synaptic cleft) 20-30 nm wide. When an impulse reaches the axon terminal due to excitation of a neuron, transmitters such as norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and gamma aminobutyric acid (abbreviated as GABA) contained in the synaptic vesicles are secreted. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "synaptic gap" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…哺乳類のシナプスは通常,化学シナプスであり,興奮伝達は化学物質(化学伝達物質chemical transmitter)を介して行われる。化学シナプスのシナプス前要素,すなわち軸索終末には化学伝達物質を含むシナプス小胞synaptic vesicle(直径30~60nm)が集合しており,軸索終末の細胞膜は次のニューロンの樹状突起ないし細胞体の細胞膜と幅20~30nmの間隙(かんげき)(シナプス間隙synaptic cleft∥synaptic gap)をもって相対している。ニューロンの興奮にともなって軸索終末にインパルスが到達すると,シナプス小胞に含まれているノルアドレナリンやアセチルコリン,γ‐アミノ酪酸gamma aminobutyric acid(略してGABA)などの伝達物質が分泌される。… ※「synaptic gap」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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