Nasal consonant - Bidakuon

Japanese: 鼻濁音 - びだくおん

In Japanese, it is the name of a syllable with a velar nasal [ŋ], also called a nasal (voiced) sound of the ga row. In standard Japanese, there are two consonants of the ga row: [ɡ] and [ŋ]. In principle, [ɡ] appears at the beginning of a word (such as in "garasu"), and [ŋ] appears elsewhere (such as in "ago"). The latter is sometimes written as "ka°…ko°" or "ka ^, ...ko ^, " to distinguish it from the former "ga...go". In phonology, there is a view that /g/ and /ŋ/ are opposed, and a view that both are the same phoneme /g/. Historically, it is thought to have changed from [ ]. This [ ], which still remains in Kochi, the coastal areas of the Kumano Sea, and parts of Tohoku, is called a "voiced nasal sound", and the one that changed to [ŋ] is sometimes called a "nasal sound" to distinguish it. "Voiced nasal sounds" in this sense also include [ ⁿ d ] and [ ^m b ]. There are many dialects (such as the Chugoku region, Kyushu region, Niigata, Gunma, etc.) that do not have the nasal (voiced) consonant of the ga row [ŋ], and even in Tokyo it is gradually disappearing among the younger generations.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

日本語において，軟口蓋鼻音［ŋ］をもつ音節の名称であり，ガ行鼻 (濁) 音ともいう。共通語では，ガ行子音に［ɡ］と［ŋ］があり，原則として［ɡ］は語頭に (ガラスなど) ，［ŋ］はそれ以外に (アゴなど) 現れる。後者を前者の「ガ…ゴ」と区別して，特に「カ°…コ°」や「カ ^、 …コ ^、」と書くこともある。音韻論的には/g/と/ŋ/の対立とみる立場と，ともに同一音素/g/と解釈する立場とがある。歴史的には，［］から変化してきたとみられる。高知，熊野灘沿岸地方，東北の一部などに現在でも残っているこの［］を「鼻濁音」といい，［ŋ］に変化したほうは「鼻音」といって区別することもある。この意味の「鼻濁音」は［ ⁿd ］［ ^mb ］なども含む。ガ行鼻 (濁) 音［ŋ］は，これをもたない方言も多く (中国地方，九州地方，新潟，群馬など) ，東京でも若い世代では消失しつつある。

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