Skylab (English spelling)

Japanese: スカイラブ(英語表記)Skylab
Skylab (English spelling)
The first space station of the United States. Skylab is an abbreviation of Sky Laboratory. It was originally called the Apollo Applications Program. On May 14, 1973, an unmanned space laboratory was launched using the third stage of the Saturn V rocket. It was 36m long, weighed 90.6t, and had a volume of 347m3. After that, three groups of astronauts were sent to the space station three times: May 25 to June 22, July 28 to September 25, and November 16 to February 8, 1974. They conducted solar observations and researched the effects of weightlessness on the human body. Although some of the solar panels broke (most of which were repaired by Charles Conrad and others on the first group), and the attitude control of the second group's spacecraft broke, they brought a lot of valuable experience and information. The program ended with the third group returning safely on February 8, 1974, after a record 84 days in space. Skylab was scheduled to continue orbiting at an altitude of about 400 km until around 1983-84, but due to increased solar activity, the atmosphere expanded and air resistance increased, so it re-entered the atmosphere on July 11, 1979 and disappeared.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
アメリカ合衆国の最初の宇宙ステーション。スカイラブ skylabは宇宙実験室 sky laboratoryの略。初めはアポロ応用計画 Apollo applications programと呼ばれた。1973年5月14日,サターンV型ロケット(→サターン・ロケット)の 3段目を利用した,全長 36m,重量 90.6t,容積 347m3の宇宙実験室が無人で打ち上げられた。その後 3人 1組の宇宙飛行士が 1973年5月25日~6月22日,7月28日~9月25日,11月16日~1974年2月8日の 3回にわたって送り込まれ,太陽観測や無重量状態での人体への影響の研究などを行なった。太陽電池の一部が故障したり(大部分を第1陣のチャールズ・コンラッドらが修理した),第2陣の宇宙船の姿勢制御が故障したりしたが,多くの貴重な経験と資料をもたらした。1974年2月8日,第3陣が 84日間の宇宙滞在記録をつくって無事帰還し,計画は終了した。『スカイラブ』は 1983~84年頃まで高度約 400kmの軌道を回り続ける予定だったが,太陽活動が活発化して大気圏が膨張し空気抵抗が増したため,1979年7月11日に大気圏に突入して消滅した。

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