National emergency

Japanese: 非常時 - ひじょうじ（英語表記）national emergency

It refers to a time when a country faces a serious domestic or international crisis. In the early 1930s, Japan was isolated internationally due to the Manchurian Incident, withdrawal from the League of Nations, and the abrogation of the Washington Treaty. In the midst of the deepening economic depression at home, the Blood Brotherhood Incident and the May 15 Incident occurred one after another, and this term was used frequently. A state of emergency became the psychological basis for promoting the militarization and totalitarianism of the system, with the military's political advance, military buildup, suppression of revolutionary movements, and strengthening of ideological control. In the late 1930s, the country moved to a quasi-wartime state, with the withdrawal from the London Naval Treaty and the signing of the Anti-Comintern Pact with Germany, and the February 26 Incident and the revival of the system of military ministers being active military officers. There was much discussion about the "state of emergency" in Nazism as well.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

国内的または国際的に重大な危機に直面したときをいう。日本では 1930年代前半，満州事変，国際連盟脱退，ワシントン条約廃棄などにより国際的に孤立し，国内では経済恐慌が深まるなかで血盟団事件，五・一五事件などが相次ぎ，この言葉が盛んに用いられた。非常時は，軍部の政治的進出，軍備増強，革命運動弾圧や思想統制の強化など，体制の軍国主義化，全体主義化を促す心理的基盤となった。 30年代後半には，外にはロンドン軍縮会議脱退，日独防共協定締結，内には二・二六事件，軍部大臣現役武官制の復活などが起り，むしろ準戦時体制へと移行した。ナチズムにおいても「非常事態」について多くの議論がなされた。

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