B-movie - 'B'picture

Japanese: B級映画 - びーきゅうえいが(英語表記)‘B’picture
B-movie - 'B'picture

A type of film that was mass-produced in the United States from the 1930s to the 1940s. In Japan, films that were regularly distributed to cinemas are called program pictures or B-grade films, as opposed to big-budget blockbusters, but this does not necessarily mean the same thing as B-movies. In the United States, when double bills of feature films were the norm, B-movies were films that were added to the main A-grade films. They are characterized by low production and advertising costs, low-name actors, and short production times, and many of them are rehashes of themes selected from familiar genres. However, some of these films have attracted attention in film history, such as Jacques Tourneur's (1904-1977) Cat People (1942) and the horror films produced by Val Lewton (1904-1951).

[Ken Okumura]

[Reference] | Program Picture

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカで1930年代から1940年代にかけて量産されていた映画。日本では大型の予算をかけた大作などに対して、定期的に映画館に配給される作品をプログラム・ピクチャー、もしくはBクラス作品とよぶが、これとB級映画はかならずしも一致しない。アメリカでは、劇映画の2本立て興行が主流であった当時、メインとなるA級映画に対し、添え物的な位置を占める作品がB級映画とよばれていた。製作費や宣伝費をあまりかけず、出演俳優の知名度が低く、製作日数も短いのが特徴で、内容的にもなじみのあるジャンルから選んだ主題を焼き直したものが多い。しかしこれらのなかから、ジャック・ターナーJacques Tourneur(1904―1977)の『キャット・ピープル』(1942)を筆頭とするバル・リュートンVal Lewton(1904―1951)製作の恐怖映画など、映画史的にも注目を集める作品も生まれてきている。

[奥村 賢]

[参照項目] | プログラム・ピクチャー

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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