Micromanometer

Japanese: 微圧計 - びあつけい（英語表記）micromanometer

A pressure gauge that measures minute pressure differences of approximately 500 Pa (50 mm water column) or less, also known as a micro-differential pressure gauge. Since ancient times, various ideas have been devised to increase the sensitivity of pressure measurements at minute pressure differences, and there are many types of micro-pressure gauges. They can be broadly categorized according to the measurement principle into liquid column differential type and diaphragm type (elastic type). Liquid column differential type is a modification of the liquid column type pressure gauge for measuring minute pressure differences, and there are two types: one that magnifies and indicates the minute movement of the liquid surface to directly measure its displacement, and one that precisely measures the liquid surface difference based on the zero method, which involves returning one side of the liquid surface to its original position.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

約500Pa(水柱50mm)以下の微小な圧力差を測る圧力計で，微差圧計ともいう。微小差圧における圧力測定の感度をあげるために，古くからいろいろな考案がなされており，微圧計の種類は多い。測定原理により大別すると，液柱差型と隔膜型(弾性型)がある。液柱差型は，微小差圧の測定用に液柱型圧力計を変形させたもので，微小な液面の動きを拡大，指示してその変位を直接測定するものと，液面の一方を元の位置に戻す操作を行う零位法に基づいて液面差を精密に測定するものとがある。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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