Palenque - Palenque (English spelling)

Japanese: パレンケ - ぱれんけ(英語表記)Palenque
Palenque - Palenque (English spelling)

Classic Maya ruins in the western part of Chiapas, southern Mexico. It was registered as a cultural heritage site of the World Heritage Site in 1987 (World Cultural Heritage). In 1952, an underground tomb of a king wearing a jade mask was discovered in the "Temple of Inscriptions", and American scholars worked tirelessly to decipher the inscriptions, elucidating part of the history of the Palenque dynasty. The king buried there was Pakal, who died at the age of 80 in 683 AD, and a temple was built to bury him during the reign of his son Chan Baalum. During the same period, elegant buildings that represent Palenque, such as the "Temple of the Sun", "Temple of the Cross", and "Temple of the Foliate Cross", were also built. The "palace", which is thought to have been the residence of the king and nobles, began construction during the reign of Pakal, and was expanded one after another by subsequent kings. It is accompanied by the only four-story tower in Maya architecture. Palenque's power seems to have declined during the reign of King Cook, who ascended to the throne in 764. A distinctive feature of Palenque is that written records are carved into the walls and panels of buildings, rather than on free-standing stone monuments as seen at Tikal and Copán.

[Yoshiro Masuda]

Ruins of Palenque
Classic Mayan ruins discovered in the 18th century. The "palace" in the photo is the center of the temple of the sun and other structures. The palace is home to the only four-story tower in Mayan architecture. Part of the World Heritage Site "Ancient City of Palenque and National Park" (Mexico, registered in 1987) Palenque, Mexico ©Shogakukan ">

Ruins of Palenque


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

メキシコ南部チアパス州西部にある古典期のマヤ遺跡。1987年に世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。1952年「碑文の神殿」から、ひすいの面をかぶった王者の地下墳墓が発見され、その後碑文の解読がアメリカの学者たちにより精力的に行われて、パレンケの王朝の歴史の一部が解明された。埋葬された王は、紀元683年に80歳で死んだパカルであり、その子チャン・バアルムの時代に彼を葬るため神殿が建てられた。また同じ時代に、「太陽の神殿」、「十字の神殿」、「葉状十字の神殿」などの、パレンケを代表する優美な建物も建てられた。王や貴族の住居だったと考えられる「宮殿」は、パカルの時代に建設が始まって、その後の王たちの手で次々に建て増しされたらしい。マヤ建築で唯一の4階の塔が付属している。パレンケの勢力は、764年に即位したクック王の時代に衰退に向かったらしい。パレンケでは、ティカルやコパンなどにみられる独立した碑石でなく、建物の壁やパネルに文字記録が彫刻されているのが特色である。

[増田義郎]

パレンケの遺跡
18世紀に発見された古典期のマヤ遺跡。写真の「宮殿」を中心に、太陽の神殿などの建造物が並ぶ。宮殿内にはマヤ建築で唯一の4層の塔が建つ。世界文化遺産「古代都市パレンケと国立公園」の一部(メキシコ・1987年登録) メキシコ パレンケ©Shogakukan">

パレンケの遺跡


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