Tongariro National Park

Japanese: トンガリロ国立公園 - トンガリロこくりつこうえん
Tongariro National Park
It was registered as a natural heritage site in 1990 and a cultural heritage site in 1993 (mixed heritage site). It is a vast national park in the central part of New Zealand's North Island, and is home to three volcanoes: Mt. Ruapehu at 2,797m, Mt. Ngauruhoe at 2,291m, and Mt. Tongariro at 1,968m. Mt. Ruapehu is still volcanically active, with major eruptions in 1995 and 1996. The park features unique volcanic topography, such as craters, caldera lakes, and lava wilderness, and the vast grasslands and broadleaf forests at the foot of the mountains are home to a variety of plants and rare birds. The course that traverses these mountains is called the "Tongariro Alpine Crossing" and is very popular. The Mt. Tongariro area was the center of culture and faith of the indigenous Polynesian Maori people. When New Zealand became a British colony in 1840, the number of settlers increased, and the area around Mt. Tongariro was developed into a sheep ranch. Upon seeing this, the chief of the Tuwharetua people, a Maori tribe, handed over approximately 26 km2 of the area around the three volcanoes to the colonial government on the condition that it be protected, and New Zealand's first national park was born in 1894. The area was subsequently expanded, and currently approximately 795 km2 is protected as a national park. Initially registered as a natural heritage site, the cultural value of the area as a sacred site that had been protected by the Maori people was recognized, and it was re-registered as a mixed heritage site in 1993. ◇English name: Tongariro National Park

Source: Kodansha World Heritage Sites Detailed Explanation Information

Japanese:
1990年に自然遺産に登録、1993年に文化遺産に登録された世界遺産(複合遺産)。ニュージーランド北島中央部の広大な国立公園で、標高2797mのルアペフ山、2291mのナウルホエ山、1968mのトンガリロ山の3つの火山がそびえている。ルアペフ山は現在も火山活動が活発で、1995年と1996年に大きな噴火を起こした。公園内には、クレーターやカルデラ湖、溶岩の荒野など、火山地帯独特の地形が見られ、麓の広大な草原や広葉樹の森林には多様な植物、貴重な鳥類が生息している。これらの山々を縦走するコースは、「トンガリロ・アルパイン・クロッシング」と呼ばれ人気が高い。トンガリロ山一帯は、ポリネシア系先住民マオリの人々の文化と信仰の中心地であった。1840年にニュージーランドがイギリスの植民地になると入植者が増加し、トンガリロ山周辺も羊の牧場へと開拓されていった。これを見たマオリの一部族であるトゥファレトア族の首長は、保護を条件に3火山周辺の約26km2を植民地政府に譲渡し、1894年にニュージーランド初の国立公園が誕生した。その後、範囲が拡大され、現在は約795km2が国立公園として保護されている。当初は自然遺産として登録されたが、マオリの人々が守り続けてきた聖地としての文化的価値が認められ、1993年に複合遺産として再登録された。◇英名はTongariro National Park

出典 講談社世界遺産詳解について 情報

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