Born: May 10, 1886 in Basel Died: December 10, 1968, Basel Swiss Protestant theologian. After studying at the universities of Bern, Berlin, Tübingen, and Marburg, he became a pastor in Safenwil, Aargau, Switzerland (1911). His book Der Römerbrief (1919), which he wrote out of the struggles of his preaching career, shocked Europe after the First World War and became the starting point of a new theological movement, dialectical theology, and had a widespread influence. He began teaching at the universities of Göttingen (1921), Münster (1925), and Bonn (1930), and was initially influenced by Swiss religious socialism and Kierkegaard's existentialism. However, in his unfinished work Die kirchliche Dogmatik (Doctrine of the Church), which began to be published in 1932 based on his study of Anselm, Fides quaerens intellectum (Faith for Intelligence), totaling 13 books and 4 volumes totaling 9,200 pages, Barth's theology is fully expressed in its uniqueness. In a word, it can be said that Barth focused everything on Christology, and then went beyond the earlier negative words to speak words of affirmation. After being expelled from the University of Bonn for attaching a reservation to the oath of allegiance to Hitler, he moved to the University of Basel (1935), where he supported the Confessing Church, which resisted Hitler and waged a church struggle, and after World War II, through his travels in Hungary, he began to speak out about the possibility of the church existing under a socialist system, which sparked much debate. Barth, who engaged in fierce debates with liberal theologians and his allies the dialectical theologians (Gogarten, Brunner, Bultmann), was also an ardent lover of Mozart, and wrote Mozart (1956) to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the composer's birth. Baltic |
[生]1886.5.10. バーゼル [没]1968.12.10. バーゼル スイスのプロテスタント神学者。ベルン,ベルリン,テュービンゲン,マールブルクの諸大学で学んだのち,スイスのアールガウ州ザーフェンビルで牧師となり (1911) ,説教者としての苦鬪のなかから著した『ローマ書』 Der Römerbrief (1919) は第1次世界大戦後のヨーロッパに衝撃を与え,新しい神学運動,弁証法神学の出発点となり広範な影響を与えた。ゲッティンゲン (1921) ,ミュンスター (1925) ,ボン (1930) の諸大学で教鞭をとるようになり,当初は,スイスの宗教社会主義や,キルケゴールの実存主義の影響を受けていた彼も,そのアンセルムス研究『知性を求める信仰』 Fides quaerens intellectum (1931) をふまえて 1932年より刊行され始めた『教会教義学』 Die kirchliche Dogmatik全4巻 13冊,9200ページの未完の大著では,バルト神学といわれる独自性をいかんなく示している。それは一言でいえば,キリスト論的に一切を集中しつつ,そこから初期の否定の言葉を越えて肯定の言葉を語ることだといえよう。ヒトラーへの忠誠誓約に留保条件をつけたためボン大学を追われ,バーゼル大学 (1935) に移ってからも,ヒトラーに抵抗して教会鬪争を展開した告白教会を支援し,第2次世界大戦後は,そのハンガリー旅行をとおして,社会主義体制下にも教会は存在しうることを語るようになり,多くの論義を引き起こした。自由主義神学者や盟友であった弁証法神学者 (ゴーガルテン,ブルンナー,ブルトマン) たちとの激しい論争を重ねてきたバルトは,他面モーツァルトのこのうえもない愛好者として,その生誕 200年記念に『モーツァルト』 Mozart (1956) を著している。 バルト
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