Western harp

Japanese: 洋琴 - ようきん
Western harp

A Chinese zither-like percussion instrument. It is also written as yangqin. It has a trapezoidal wooden sounding body (70-100 cm base, 40-50 cm depth) with 2-3 rows of movable bridges and 7-18 courses of metal strings with 2-4 strings per course. The player places the instrument on a stand and strikes the strings with two thin bamboo sticks, mainly using tremolo and dynamic techniques. It belongs to the same family as the Iranian santur and the European dulcimer, but the origin of the instrument is unknown except that it was introduced to the Guangdong region in the 17th century (late Ming dynasty). Early versions were called kochoqin (flying butterfly qin), with seven courses of strings stretched over a small butterfly-shaped body. Instruments of the same type in Vietnam, the Korean peninsula, and Mongolia are descendants of the Chinese yangqin. Today in China, it is widely used for traditional ensembles, accompaniment to operas, and solo performances of Western music.

[Yoichi Yamada]

Korean harp
19th century, wood and brass, width 80.8 cm, owned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, China

Korean harp


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国のチター属打弦楽器。揚琴とも書く。台形の木製共鳴胴(底辺70~100センチメートル、奥行40~50センチメートル)の上に2~3列の可動ブリッジを置き、1コース2~4弦で7~18コースの金属弦を張る。奏者は楽器を台の上に置き、2本の細長い竹の桴(ばち)でおもにトレモロ奏法や強弱法を用いて打弦する。イランのサントゥールやヨーロッパのダルシマーなどの系列に属するが、楽器の由来については、17世紀(明(みん)朝末期)に広東(カントン)地方に伝えられたこと以外は不明である。初期のものは胡蝶琴(こちょうきん)とよばれ、蝶の形をした小型胴に7コースの弦が張られていた。ベトナムや朝鮮半島、モンゴルの同型楽器は中国の洋琴が伝播(でんぱ)したものである。今日の中国では、伝統的合奏や歌劇の伴奏、あるいは、西洋楽曲の独奏などに広く用いられている。

[山田陽一]

洋琴
19世紀 木・真鍮 幅80.8cm 中国メトロポリタン美術館所蔵">

洋琴


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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